Last updated on 2024年9月3日

How do you apply facilitation principles?

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Facilitation is a skill that can help you lead productive and engaging meetings, workshops, and events. It involves designing and managing processes that enable groups to achieve their goals, collaborate effectively, and learn from each other. But how do you apply facilitation principles in practice? Here are some tips to help you plan and deliver successful facilitation sessions.

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1 Know your purpose

Before you start facilitating, you need to have a clear idea of what you want to achieve and why. What is the main objective of the session? Who are the participants and what are their needs and expectations? How will you measure the outcomes and impact of the facilitation? Knowing your purpose will help you define the scope, structure, and format of the session, as well as the roles and responsibilities of the facilitator and the participants.

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Luvo Baliso

Fundraising & Philanthropy | Digital Media & Communications | Debate & Public Speaking
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Before facilitating any session, it’s crucial to start with a clear purpose. Understanding what you want to achieve and why is the foundation of effective facilitation. Begin by identifying the main objective of the session—what are you hoping to accomplish? Next, consider who the participants are and what their needs and expectations might be. This insight will guide you in defining the scope, structure, and format of the session. Moreover, it’s important to think about how you’ll measure the outcomes and impact of the facilitation. By knowing your purpose, you not only ensure that the session runs smoothly but also clarify the roles and responsibilities of everyone involved, paving the way for a meaningful and impactful experience.

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2 Choose a style and model

Depending on your purpose, you may want to adopt different facilitation styles and models. For example, you may use a directive style to provide guidance and direction, a supportive style to encourage participation and feedback, or a collaborative style to foster co-creation and innovation. You may also use a specific facilitation model, such as the ORID model, which stands for Objective, Reflective, Interpretive, and Decisional, and helps you structure the session around four levels of thinking and questioning.

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3 Prepare the materials and tools

Once you have decided on your style and model, you need to prepare the materials and tools that will support your facilitation. These may include agendas, worksheets, handouts, slides, flipcharts, sticky notes, markers, timers, and online platforms. Make sure you have enough materials and tools for the number of participants and the duration of the session. Also, test the tools beforehand and have backup options in case of technical issues.

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4 Create a safe and inclusive space

As a facilitator, you want to create a safe and inclusive space where participants feel comfortable to share their ideas, opinions, and experiences. You can do this by setting some ground rules and expectations at the beginning of the session, such as respecting each other, listening actively, and avoiding interruptions. You can also use icebreakers, warm-ups, and check-ins to build rapport and trust among the participants and yourself.

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Heather Wherry, Ph.D.

Learning Advisor | Project Planner | Innovative Learning Strategist | Driving Organizational Growth through Targeted Learning Solutions and Talent Development Initiatives | Certified Prosci Change Management Practitioner
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Ground rules are important - set expectations in the beginning and kindly hold people accountable when the expectations are not followed.

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5 Engage and empower the participants

One of the key principles of facilitation is to engage and empower the participants to take ownership of the process and the outcomes. You can do this by using a variety of methods and techniques that suit the purpose and the audience of the session, such as brainstorming, voting, ranking, grouping, prioritizing, action planning, and reflection. You can also use open-ended questions, paraphrasing, summarizing, and acknowledging to elicit and clarify the participants' inputs and feedback.

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Heather Wherry, Ph.D.

Learning Advisor | Project Planner | Innovative Learning Strategist | Driving Organizational Growth through Targeted Learning Solutions and Talent Development Initiatives | Certified Prosci Change Management Practitioner
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Before a session, I like to do an informal poll to check participant's knowledge of the subject. Usually, you will find a range from novice to expert (and everything in between). If I have some who are well versed in the topic, I will ask for their opinion or to share a best practice. It keeps them engaged and they get to showcase what they know.

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6 Adapt and improvise

Facilitation is not a rigid or linear process. It requires flexibility and creativity to adapt and improvise according to the dynamics and needs of the group. As a facilitator, you need to be attentive and responsive to the signals and cues that indicate how the session is going, such as the energy level, the mood, the pace, the participation, and the conflicts. You may need to adjust the agenda, the timing, the methods, or the tone of the session to keep it relevant, engaging, and productive.

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7 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?

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How do you apply facilitation principles?

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

1 Know your purpose

2 Choose a style and model

3 Prepare the materials and tools

4 Create a safe and inclusive space

5 Engage and empower the participants

6 Adapt and improvise

7 Here’s what else to consider

Facilitation

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How do you apply facilitation principles?

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

1 Know your purpose

2 Choose a style and model

3 Prepare the materials and tools

4 Create a safe and inclusive space

5 Engage and empower the participants

6 Adapt and improvise

7 Here’s what else to consider

Facilitation

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