How can you use universal design principles to make your structural systems accessible to all?

1 Principle 1: Equitable use

This principle means that your structural system should provide the same means of use for all users, avoid segregating or stigmatizing any group, and make the design appealing to all. For example, you can use ramps, elevators, or lifts instead of stairs to allow people with different mobility levels to access different levels of your building. You can also use clear signage, contrasting colors, and tactile indicators to help people with visual impairments navigate your space.

2 Principle 2: Flexibility in use

This principle means that your structural system should accommodate a wide range of individual preferences and abilities, provide choice in methods of use, and facilitate the user's accuracy and precision. For example, you can use adjustable lighting, temperature, and ventilation systems to allow users to customize their comfort levels. You can also use modular or movable elements, such as partitions, furniture, or fixtures, to enable users to adapt the space to their needs and preferences.

3 Principle 3: Simple and intuitive use

This principle means that your structural system should be easy to understand and use, regardless of the user's experience, knowledge, language skills, or current concentration level. For example, you can use simple and consistent forms, materials, and connections for your structural elements, and avoid unnecessary complexity or ambiguity. You can also use intuitive and user-friendly controls, switches, and sensors for your systems, and provide clear and concise instructions and feedback.

4 Principle 4: Perceptible information

This principle means that your structural system should communicate necessary information effectively to the user, regardless of ambient conditions or the user's sensory abilities. For example, you can use multiple modes of communication, such as visual, auditory, and tactile, to convey important information, such as warnings, directions, or labels. You can also use adequate size, contrast, and illumination for your text, graphics, and symbols, and avoid clutter or distraction.

5 Principle 5: Tolerance for error

This principle means that your structural system should minimize hazards and adverse consequences of accidental or unintended actions, provide warnings of hazards and errors, and provide fail-safe features. For example, you can use guardrails, handrails, or balustrades to prevent falls or injuries from edges or openings. You can also use slip-resistant or cushioned flooring, fire-resistant or sound-absorbing materials, and emergency exits or alarms to reduce the risk of accidents or damage.

6 Principle 6: Low physical effort

This principle means that your structural system should allow the user to maintain a neutral body position, use reasonable operating forces, and minimize repetitive actions or sustained physical effort. For example, you can use ergonomic design for your doors, windows, handles, and faucets, and ensure that they are easy to open, close, or operate. You can also use mechanical or automated systems, such as lifts, escalators, or sensors, to reduce the physical effort required by the user.

7 Principle 7: Size and space for approach and use

This principle means that your structural system should provide appropriate size and space for approach, reach, manipulation, and use, regardless of the user's body size, posture, or mobility. For example, you can use adequate dimensions, clearances, and slopes for your corridors, rooms, and furniture, and ensure that they are accessible for people with different heights, widths, or assistive devices. You can also use adjustable or adaptable elements, such as height-adjustable desks, chairs, or shelves, to accommodate different user needs and preferences.