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How can you use software architecture documentation to improve your software engineering practices?

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Software architecture documentation (SAD) is a valuable tool for software engineers who want to design, develop, and maintain high-quality software systems. SAD describes the structure, behavior, and rationale of a software system from different perspectives and levels of abstraction. It can help software engineers to communicate, collaborate, and coordinate their work, as well as to analyze, evaluate, and improve their software architecture. In this article, we will explore how you can use SAD to improve your software engineering practices in six ways.

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Jabir Ali

Cloud Developer at IBM ISDL

1 Define the scope and vision

The first step to use SAD effectively is to define the scope and vision of your software system. This means identifying the goals, requirements, stakeholders, and context of your system, and how they influence your architectural decisions. You can use SAD to document the scope and vision of your system in a clear and concise way, using diagrams, tables, and narratives. This can help you to align your software architecture with the needs and expectations of your customers, users, and other stakeholders, and to avoid scope creep and ambiguity.

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Jabir Ali

Cloud Developer at IBM ISDL
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Having a very high level picture of the components and their short description greatly help one that is trying to understand the system, so it is better to have a document which abstracts complex components at first and then increase the depth of each component in subsequent sub documents

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2 Choose the appropriate views and styles

The second step to use SAD effectively is to choose the appropriate views and styles for your software system. Views are different ways of representing the software architecture, such as logical, physical, or behavioral views. Styles are the conventions and rules for organizing and relating the elements of a view, such as layers, components, or pipes and filters. You can use SAD to document the views and styles of your system, using standard or custom notations, such as UML, SysML, or DSLs. This can help you to capture the essential aspects of your software architecture, and to communicate them to different audiences and purposes.

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3 Document the architectural decisions and rationale

The third step to use SAD effectively is to document the architectural decisions and rationale of your software system. Architectural decisions are the choices you make about the structure, behavior, and quality attributes of your system, such as performance, security, or modifiability. Rationale is the explanation of why you make those decisions, based on the trade-offs, assumptions, and constraints involved. You can use SAD to document the architectural decisions and rationale of your system, using templates, patterns, or annotations. This can help you to justify and defend your software architecture, and to facilitate its evolution and maintenance.

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4 Validate and verify the software architecture

The fourth step to use SAD effectively is to validate and verify the software architecture of your system. Validation is the process of checking whether the software architecture meets the requirements and expectations of the stakeholders. Verification is the process of checking whether the software architecture conforms to the specifications and standards. You can use SAD to validate and verify the software architecture of your system, using methods such as reviews, inspections, simulations, or testing. This can help you to ensure the quality and correctness of your software architecture, and to identify and resolve any issues or risks.

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5 Implement and maintain the software architecture

The fifth step to use SAD effectively is to implement and maintain the software architecture of your system. Implementation is the process of translating the software architecture into executable code. Maintenance is the process of updating and evolving the software architecture to accommodate changes and improvements. You can use SAD to implement and maintain the software architecture of your system, using tools such as frameworks, libraries, or generators. This can help you to automate and streamline the development and deployment of your software system, and to keep the software architecture and code consistent and synchronized.

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Jabir Ali

Cloud Developer at IBM ISDL
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Writing modularised and maintainable code will improve the quality of the software and the cost of feature additions and modification in future will be nominal. Documenting the code is a best practice which makes the fellow developers understand the code and contribute with less effort. Rather than focusing what is being done , the documentation should speak about why the code block is there, having this point in mind, a developer can document a source code better.

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6 Share and reuse the software architecture

The sixth step to use SAD effectively is to share and reuse the software architecture of your system. Sharing is the process of making the software architecture available and accessible to other stakeholders, such as developers, testers, or managers. Reusing is the process of applying the software architecture to other systems or domains, such as similar or related projects or products. You can use SAD to share and reuse the software architecture of your system, using formats such as documents, models, or repositories. This can help you to disseminate and leverage the knowledge and experience of your software architecture, and to increase its value and impact.

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Jabir Ali

Cloud Developer at IBM ISDL
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In my opinion , making the software architecture itself modularised will be helping others in reusing the components in solving other potential problems. also keeping a generic styles increase the usability of the document.

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7 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?

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How can you use software architecture documentation to improve your software engineering practices?

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1 Define the scope and vision

2 Choose the appropriate views and styles

3 Document the architectural decisions and rationale

4 Validate and verify the software architecture

5 Implement and maintain the software architecture

6 Share and reuse the software architecture

7 Here’s what else to consider

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