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How can you use simulation to improve public transportation efficiency?

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Public transportation is a vital service for many people, but it also faces many challenges such as congestion, delays, safety, and environmental impact. Simulation is a powerful tool that can help civil engineers design and optimize public transportation systems by testing different scenarios, evaluating performance indicators, and identifying potential improvements. In this article, you will learn how you can use simulation to improve public transportation efficiency in four key aspects: network planning, service scheduling, demand management, and operation control.

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Nishanth Muniasamy

Track Engineer

1 Network planning

Network planning involves designing the physical layout and connectivity of public transportation modes, such as buses, trains, subways, and trams. Simulation can help you evaluate the feasibility, cost, and benefits of different network alternatives, such as adding new routes, stations, or infrastructure. You can also use simulation to estimate the travel time, accessibility, and reliability of each network option, and compare them with the existing or desired service standards. Simulation can also help you assess the impact of network changes on the traffic flow, emissions, and energy consumption of public transportation and other vehicles.

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Nishanth Muniasamy

Track Engineer
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Simulation allows transit agencies to model different route configurations, schedules, and frequencies to identify the most efficient and cost-effective options. By simulating passenger demand patterns, travel times, and service levels, planners can optimize routes to better meet the needs of commuters while maximizing operational efficiency.

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Carlos Rivas Moya

Ing. en Organización Industrial. Master en Dirección de Empresas y Marketing. Técnico Superior en PRL. Logística, Distribución y Gestión ambiental. Docente de FPE y Tutor de E-learning
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La planificación de la red de transporte público, respaldada por herramientas de simulación, es crucial para optimizar la eficiencia y la sostenibilidad en nuestras ciudades. Al evaluar diferentes alternativas de red y estimar su impacto en aspectos como el tiempo de viaje, la accesibilidad y las emisiones, podemos tomar decisiones informadas que mejoren la calidad de vida de las personas y promuevan ciudades más inteligentes y sostenibles para el futuro.

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2 Service scheduling

Service scheduling involves determining the frequency, timing, and capacity of public transportation vehicles, such as how many buses or trains to operate, when to depart and arrive, and how many seats or spaces to provide. Simulation can help you optimize the service schedule by balancing the supply and demand of public transportation, minimizing the waiting time and crowding of passengers, and maximizing the utilization and efficiency of vehicles. You can also use simulation to analyze the sensitivity of the service schedule to various factors, such as demand fluctuations, weather conditions, or unexpected events.

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Carlos Rivas Moya

Ing. en Organización Industrial. Master en Dirección de Empresas y Marketing. Técnico Superior en PRL. Logística, Distribución y Gestión ambiental. Docente de FPE y Tutor de E-learning
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La programación del servicio de transporte público es un proceso fundamental que implica determinar la frecuencia, el tiempo y la capacidad de los vehículos, como autobuses y trenes. La simulación ofrece una herramienta invaluable para optimizar este horario, equilibrando la oferta y la demanda, minimizando tiempos de espera y aglomeraciones, y maximizando la eficiencia de los vehículos. Además, permite analizar la sensibilidad de la programación ante factores como la demanda fluctuante o condiciones meteorológicas, garantizando un servicio óptimo y adaptativo a las necesidades cambiantes de la comunidad.

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3 Demand management

Demand management involves influencing the behavior and preferences of public transportation users, such as encouraging them to shift modes, routes, or times of travel, or to use incentives or disincentives. Simulation can help you design and test different demand management strategies, such as pricing, subsidies, discounts, or information provision. You can also use simulation to predict the demand response and feedback of public transportation users, such as how they will react to changes in service quality, cost, or convenience. Simulation can also help you evaluate the social and economic outcomes of demand management, such as the equity, affordability, and satisfaction of public transportation users.

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Carlos Rivas Moya

Ing. en Organización Industrial. Master en Dirección de Empresas y Marketing. Técnico Superior en PRL. Logística, Distribución y Gestión ambiental. Docente de FPE y Tutor de E-learning
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La gestión de la demanda en el transporte público es fundamental para influir en el comportamiento de los usuarios y mejorar la eficiencia del sistema. La simulación ofrece una herramienta valiosa para dise?ar y probar diversas estrategias, como la fijación de precios y el suministro de información, permitiendo prever respuestas y comentarios de los usuarios. Además, facilita la evaluación de resultados sociales y económicos, como equidad y satisfacción del usuario, impulsando así una gestión más efectiva y centrada en las necesidades de la comunidad.

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4 Operation control

Operation control involves monitoring and adjusting the real-time operation of public transportation vehicles, such as tracking their location, speed, and status, or sending commands or signals. Simulation can help you improve the operation control by simulating the dynamic behavior and interactions of public transportation vehicles and other traffic participants, such as drivers, pedestrians, or cyclists. You can also use simulation to test and compare different operation control methods, such as adaptive or centralized control, or to implement and validate new technologies, such as intelligent transportation systems or autonomous vehicles.

Simulation is a valuable technique that can help you improve public transportation efficiency in various aspects. By using simulation, you can explore and experiment with different scenarios, measure and optimize different performance indicators, and identify and implement different improvements. Simulation can also help you communicate and collaborate with other stakeholders, such as planners, operators, or users, and to support your decision-making process with data and evidence.

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5 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?

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Shrinivas Rao Arragunta

Assistant General Manager Transportation Engineering at BEST Undertaking
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Using simulation to improve public transportation efficiency involves creating digital models of transportation systems to analyze and optimize their performance without having to make changes in the real world first. Here's how it can be done: ### 1. **Route Optimization** ### 2. **Schedule Optimization** ### 3. **Traffic Simulation** ### 4. **Demand Forecasting** ### 5. **Capacity Planning** ### 6. **Disaster Response and Resilience Planning** **Energy Consumption and Emissions Reduction** - **Pilot Projects:** - **Stakeholder Engagement:** - **Continuous improvement ** By leveraging simulation, public transportation authorities and city planners can make data-driven decisions that enhance service efficiency.

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How can you use simulation to improve public transportation efficiency?

1

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3

4

5

1 Network planning

2 Service scheduling

3 Demand management

4 Operation control

5 Here’s what else to consider

Civil Engineering Design

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How can you use simulation to improve public transportation efficiency?

1

2

3

4

5

1 Network planning

2 Service scheduling

3 Demand management

4 Operation control

5 Here’s what else to consider

Civil Engineering Design

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