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How can you use the 8D problem solving process to address recurring issues in your small business?

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If you run a small business, you know how frustrating it can be to deal with recurring issues that affect your productivity, quality, customer satisfaction, or profitability. You may have tried to fix them before, but they keep coming back or getting worse. How can you find a lasting solution that prevents the problem from happening again? One method you can use is the 8D problem solving process, a structured and systematic approach that helps you identify, analyze, correct, and prevent the root causes of your issues. In this article, you will learn what the 8D process is, how it works, and how you can apply it to your small business problems.

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John Ager

Helping people take effective action by asking good questions

1 What is the 8D process?

The 8D process stands for eight disciplines, which are the steps you need to follow to solve a problem effectively. The process was developed by Ford Motor Company in the 1980s, based on earlier quality improvement methods such as PDCA and DMAIC. The 8D process is widely used in various industries, especially in manufacturing, engineering, and service sectors. The 8D process is designed to help you address complex, chronic, or critical problems that require a team effort and a data-driven approach.

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John Ager

Helping people take effective action by asking good questions
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DMAIC and PDCA were developed to address what Deming referred to as "common causes", that are always present. Their original intent was as a Decision Analysis model to choose which process improvements would best reduce “common causes” to improve process capability and output reliability. 8D was developed to address what Deming referred to as "special causes", that are sometimes present. The original intent was as a Problem Analysis model to identify which corrective and preventive actions would best remove “special causes” to restore process stability and output consistency. It is necessary a process be stable and producing consistent outputs for DMAIC and PDCA to be effectively applied to improve process capability and reliability.

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2 How does the 8D process work?

The 8D process consists of eight steps that guide you from defining the problem to implementing the solution and preventing recurrence. This process begins with establishing a team, choosing the right people who have the knowledge, skills, and authority to work on the problem. Then, define the problem clearly and objectively, using facts and data. Next, find a way to contain or isolate the problem, so that it does not affect your customers or other processes. After that, use various tools and techniques to analyze the problem and find its underlying cause. Then evaluate the possible solutions that can eliminate or reduce the root cause. Move on to plan and execute the actions needed to implement the solution. Lastly, identify and address the factors that allowed the problem to occur or persist. Implement preventive measures and review and update your processes and systems accordingly. Finally, celebrate and acknowledge the achievements and contributions of your team by providing feedback and recognition for each team member.

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John Ager

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Because 8D is focused on finding one special cause at a time, one needs to begin by framing the problem as one object with one defect. With this knowledge, we can form a team with appropriate knowledge and skills to find cause, D1. The intent of D2, is to gather facts to frame the problem; what is affected and not affected, where is the affect seen and not seen, when is it seen and not seen, what is its extent. Initially, this information guides the choice of short-term counter measures, D3, then helps identify and evaluate possible causes, D4, and develop a confirmation plan, D5. Once cause has been confirmed, the team chooses corrective and preventive action, D6, implements those, D7, and congratulates the team, D8.

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3 How can you apply the 8D process to your small business?

The 8D process can help any small business tackle issues related to products, services, processes, customers, suppliers, employees, or finances. It can improve quality and customer satisfaction by reducing defects and errors; increase productivity and efficiency by eliminating waste; enhance profitability and competitiveness by lowering costs; and foster a culture of continuous improvement. To apply the 8D process, you need to select a problem that is important, urgent, and measurable. Then form a team with the relevant expertise and authority. Follow the eight steps of the 8D process using the appropriate tools and techniques for each step. Document your progress and results. Lastly, review and evaluate the effectiveness of the 8D process and make improvements as needed.

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4 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?

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How can you use the 8D problem solving process to address recurring issues in your small business?

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1 What is the 8D process?

2 How does the 8D process work?

3 How can you apply the 8D process to your small business?

4 Here’s what else to consider

Small Business

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How can you use the 8D problem solving process to address recurring issues in your small business?

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1 What is the 8D process?

2 How does the 8D process work?

3 How can you apply the 8D process to your small business?

4 Here’s what else to consider

Small Business

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