How can you properly place steel reinforcement in concrete?

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Steel reinforcement, or rebar, is essential for enhancing the strength and durability of concrete structures. However, placing rebar incorrectly can lead to cracking, corrosion, and failure of the concrete. In this article, you will learn how to properly place steel reinforcement in concrete for optimal performance and safety.

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Abhishek Sharma

Deputy Manager - Business Development (Overseas)
Raquel Von Rondow Rojo

Diretora de Implanta??o de Projetos Correntes na VALE | Lideran?a, Performance e ESG
Walter Lima, MSc.

Diretor Executivo | Engenheiro Civil | Mestre em Engenharia de Produ??o | MBA em Gest?o de Projetos | Gest?o de…

1 Choose the right rebar size and grade

The first step to place steel reinforcement in concrete is to select the appropriate rebar size and grade for your project. The size of the rebar depends on the thickness and load of the concrete, as well as the spacing and arrangement of the bars. The grade of the rebar indicates its yield strength, or the amount of stress it can withstand before deforming. You should follow the specifications and codes for your project and consult an engineer if you have any doubts.

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Abhishek Sharma

Deputy Manager - Business Development (Overseas)
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To properly place steel reinforcement in concrete: 1. Follow engineering drawings and specifications. 2. Set up formwork to hold reinforcement in place. 3. Position steel bars as per design requirements. 4. Maintain proper cover thickness of concrete over reinforcement. 5. Securely tie bars at intersections to prevent displacement. 6. Ensure adequate spacing and clearances between bars. 7. Use spacers or chairs to support reinforcement within the formwork. 8. Check for proper alignment and elevation of bars before pouring concrete.

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James Regan ACIOB

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Work only off bending schedule and S/E foundation drawings. Check all correspond to each other. Make sure B.S& Design are signed off and current.

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Masoud Bayran

Project Coordinator | M.Eng. in Construction Management
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Proper placement of steel reinforcement in concrete involves selecting the right rebar size and grade based on structural requirements. Follow design specifications for rebar spacing, maintain adequate concrete cover, and use proper bending and placement techniques. Ensure accurate alignment, provide necessary overlaps, and use chair supports for proper positioning. Implement a robust quality control process, including inspections, to verify compliance with design specifications and ensure structural integrity. Regular communication among stakeholders is crucial for successful reinforcement placement.

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2 Cut and bend the rebar as needed

The second step to place steel reinforcement in concrete is to cut and bend the rebar as needed to fit the shape and dimensions of the concrete formwork. You can use a rebar cutter or a hacksaw to cut the rebar, and a rebar bender or a pipe to bend the rebar. You should wear gloves, goggles, and protective clothing to avoid injuries from the sharp edges and sparks. You should also mark the rebar with tags or labels to identify its location and orientation.

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Walter Lima, MSc.

Diretor Executivo | Engenheiro Civil | Mestre em Engenharia de Produ??o | MBA em Gest?o de Projetos | Gest?o de Portfólio | Coordena??o de Obras Complexas.
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Para otimizar o processo de constru??o, o vergalh?o deve ser pré-cortado e dobrado de acordo com as especifica??es do projeto antes de ser transportado para o local da obra. é recomendável que o corte seja realizado externamente, em uma empresa especializada, e que um especialista técnico da sua própria equipe supervisione o processo. Isso garante a precis?o do corte e a conformidade com as especifica??es necessárias. Além disso, ao solicitar a entrega do vergalh?o já preparado, economiza-se tempo valioso no canteiro de obras. Esta medida é fundamental para assegurar que a armadura se ajuste perfeitamente às formas de concreto, mantendo a integridade e a eficácia da estrutura.

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Masoud Bayran

Project Coordinator | M.Eng. in Construction Management
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Properly placing steel reinforcement involves precise cutting and bending of rebar. Use appropriate tools for clean cuts, following structural drawings for length and lap splicing requirements. Bend rebar according to design specifications using mechanical or manual tools, ensuring consistency. Handle and store rebar carefully to prevent damage. Secure rebar in formwork with supports, ensuring proper alignment. Regularly inspect for compliance with design and foster communication among stakeholders for successful reinforcement placement.

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3 Secure the rebar with ties and spacers

The third step to place steel reinforcement in concrete is to secure the rebar with ties and spacers. Ties are wires or clips that hold the rebar together in a grid or a cage. Spacers are plastic or metal devices that keep the rebar at a certain distance from the formwork and the concrete surface. You should use enough ties and spacers to prevent the rebar from shifting or sagging during the concrete pouring and curing process. You should also ensure that the rebar has adequate concrete cover, or the thickness of concrete between the rebar and the exposed surface, to protect it from moisture and corrosion.

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Raquel Von Rondow Rojo

Diretora de Implanta??o de Projetos Correntes na VALE | Lideran?a, Performance e ESG
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As famosas "cocadas" feitas em obra ou espa?adores para armadura em concreto s?o dispositivos feij?o com arroz falando de obras civis. N?o há como n?o ter, n?o há como garantir recobertura adequada de concreto sem eles. A lideran?a operacional deve garantir que está sendo instalado, na quantidade necessária e juntamente com uma boa vibra??o do concreto aplicada no tra?o correto, teremos estruturas que durar?o longas décadas, bem executadas.

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Ignacio Ma?as Marín

Project Manager | Jefe de Obra | LION +4,5K
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A parte de los espaciadores de plástico y de metal que existen en el mercado y que al colocarlos directamente contra el encofrado tras realizar el desencofrado se ven en la cara inferior del elemento estructural, yo recomendaría el uso de separadores de cemento. Los separadores de cemento a parte de económicos, tiene varias ventajas pero yo destacaría sobretodo que al desencofrar, estos quedan más discretos y no se ven tanto en el elemento estructural.

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4 Inspect and clean the rebar before pouring concrete

The fourth step to place steel reinforcement in concrete is to inspect and clean the rebar before pouring concrete. You should check the rebar for any damage, rust, dirt, oil, or grease that could impair its bond with the concrete. You should also remove any loose or excess ties or spacers that could create voids or weak spots in the concrete. You should use a brush, a cloth, or a blower to clean the rebar and ensure that it is dry and free of contaminants.

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5 Pour and vibrate the concrete around the rebar

The fifth step to place steel reinforcement in concrete is to pour and vibrate the concrete around the rebar. You should use a concrete mix that is suitable for your project and follow the instructions for mixing, transporting, and placing the concrete. You should pour the concrete in layers and use a shovel, a rake, or a rod to spread it evenly and fill the gaps around the rebar. You should also use a concrete vibrator, a device that shakes the concrete to remove air bubbles and improve its compaction and consolidation. You should vibrate the concrete carefully and avoid touching the rebar or the formwork to prevent damaging or displacing them.

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Walter Lima, MSc.

Diretor Executivo | Engenheiro Civil | Mestre em Engenharia de Produ??o | MBA em Gest?o de Projetos | Gest?o de Portfólio | Coordena??o de Obras Complexas.
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é essencial que o concreto seja vertido com cautela em torno do vergalh?o, assegurando a completa cobertura do a?o e a elimina??o de quaisquer bols?es de ar. é importante também instruir a equipe para evitar caminhar sobre a armadura, mantendo assim a ferragem na posi??o correta. Esta precau??o ajuda a garantir que a armadura permane?a exatamente onde deve estar durante o processo de concretagem. Além disso, a utiliza??o de técnicas de vibra??o do concreto contribui significativamente para uma consolida??o eficaz ao redor do vergalh?o, assegurando a integridade e a durabilidade da estrutura de concreto armado

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6 Cure and monitor the concrete after pouring

The sixth step to place steel reinforcement in concrete is to cure and monitor the concrete after pouring. Curing is the process of maintaining the moisture and temperature of the concrete to ensure its strength and durability. You should follow the recommendations for curing time and method for your project and use water, plastic, or curing compounds to prevent the concrete from drying too fast or too slow. You should also monitor the concrete for any signs of cracking, shrinkage, or movement that could affect the integrity of the rebar and the concrete.

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Walter Lima, MSc.

Diretor Executivo | Engenheiro Civil | Mestre em Engenharia de Produ??o | MBA em Gest?o de Projetos | Gest?o de Portfólio | Coordena??o de Obras Complexas.
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Além disso, no caso de elementos pré-fabricados de concreto, a técnica de cura a vapor é frequentemente empregada. Este método envolve manter um ambiente saturado e aquecido, acelerando assim o processo de ganho de resistência do concreto. Conforme especificado na norma ABNT NBR 14931:2004, item 10.1, existem diretrizes detalhadas para a cura e prote??o do concreto que ainda n?o alcan?ou um endurecimento adequado. Essas orienta??es s?o essenciais para garantir a qualidade e a durabilidade da estrutura de concreto.

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7 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?

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Anthony Stokley

Business Owner, Bmw Master Technician, Automotive Racing and High Performance Consultant
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concrete and reinforcing steel work hand in hand to ensure your structure will preform as engineered. pay close attention to things like depth of steel cables, especially in post tension applications. the steel will sit shallow in the concrete over columns and sheerwalls and deeper in spans. this is critical because upon applying tension these depth differences will carry the concrete in a span and push down on the vertical supports.

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How can you properly place steel reinforcement in concrete?

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1 Choose the right rebar size and grade

2 Cut and bend the rebar as needed

3 Secure the rebar with ties and spacers

4 Inspect and clean the rebar before pouring concrete

5 Pour and vibrate the concrete around the rebar

6 Cure and monitor the concrete after pouring

7 Here’s what else to consider

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