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How can you optimize usability for different types of cognitive tasks and contexts?

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Cognitive fatigue is a state of reduced mental performance and alertness that can affect the quality and efficiency of your work, learning, and decision making. It can also influence your user experience and satisfaction with different products, services, and systems. In this article, you will learn how to optimize usability for different types of cognitive tasks and contexts, and how to prevent or reduce cognitive fatigue.

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1 What is cognitive fatigue?

Cognitive fatigue is not the same as physical tiredness or sleepiness. It is a subjective feeling of mental exhaustion and reduced motivation that can result from prolonged or demanding cognitive activities, such as problem solving, reading, writing, or multitasking. Cognitive fatigue can impair your attention, memory, reasoning, creativity, and mood. It can also make you more prone to errors, distractions, and frustration.

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2 What causes cognitive fatigue?

Cognitive fatigue can be caused by various factors, such as the duration, difficulty, complexity, novelty, or monotony of the cognitive tasks, the environmental conditions, such as noise, temperature, or lighting, the personal factors, such as stress, mood, or health, and the motivational factors, such as rewards, feedback, or goals. Cognitive fatigue can also be influenced by the type and context of the cognitive tasks, such as whether they are self-paced or externally imposed, whether they are enjoyable or boring, whether they are meaningful or irrelevant, and whether they are individual or social.

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Rebekah Small

Technical Writer (Information Organizer)
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Another factor to consider here is that each individual has a unique capacity for cognition. Neurodivergent people (those with ADHD, ASD, and even PTSD) especially may have different levels of capacity depending on the subject and their environment.

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3 How to measure cognitive fatigue?

Cognitive fatigue can be measured in different ways, such as by using self-report scales, behavioral indicators, physiological measures, or neuroimaging techniques. Self-report scales are the most common and easy way to assess cognitive fatigue, but they can be biased by subjective factors, such as mood, expectations, or social desirability. Behavioral indicators include changes in performance, such as speed, accuracy, consistency, or variability, or changes in behavior, such as yawning, blinking, or posture. Physiological measures include changes in heart rate, blood pressure, skin conductance, or pupil dilation, which reflect the autonomic nervous system activity. Neuroimaging techniques include electroencephalography (EEG), functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), or positron emission tomography (PET), which show the brain activity and metabolism.

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4 How to optimize usability for different types of cognitive tasks and contexts?

Usability is the degree to which a product, service, or system can be used by specified users to achieve specified goals with effectiveness, efficiency, and satisfaction in a specified context of use. Usability can be optimized by applying user-centered design principles, such as understanding the user needs, preferences, and characteristics, defining the user goals and tasks, designing the user interface and interaction, testing and evaluating the user experience and satisfaction, and iterating and improving the design based on feedback and data. However, usability can also be affected by the type and context of the cognitive tasks and the cognitive fatigue of the users. Therefore, usability optimization should also consider the following aspects:

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Bobbie Wood

Founder, designer, busy bee ??
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Many of the best practices for UX writing reduce cognitive fatigue by keeping interactions and tasks simple: -Use plain, friendly language to guide users (simple words and sentences) -Use words that customers already understand and use themselves -Make the "next expected action" clear in your UI -Define, and then echo, new terms and phrases to help users build a mental model -Reuse familiar terms, interactions, and content patterns across experiences (for consistency and coherence)

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Mike Yanin

Influencing leadership at Atlassian to transition the design culture to a user-centred way of working
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Usability is a combination of factors including: Intuitive design: a nearly effortless understanding of the architecture and navigation of the site. Ease of learning: how fast a user who has never seen the user interface before can accomplish basic tasks. The efficiency of use: How fast an experienced user can accomplish tasks. Memorability: after visiting the site, if a user can remember enough to use it effectively in future visits. Error frequency and severity: how often users make errors while using the system, how serious the errors are, and how users recover from the errors. Subjective satisfaction: If the user likes using the system.

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5 How to prevent or reduce cognitive fatigue?

Cognitive fatigue can be prevented or reduced by adopting certain strategies, such as planning and prioritizing tasks according to goals, resources, and deadlines. Breaking down complex or long tasks into smaller or shorter subtasks can help avoid monotony or overload. Taking regular breaks and switching between tasks can restore mental energy and focus. Additionally, managing environmental conditions to minimize distractions and discomfort, as well as managing personal factors to enhance well-being and motivation, can be beneficial. Lastly, seeking feedback and support from others can improve performance and satisfaction.

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Rebekah Small

Technical Writer (Information Organizer)
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An important part of the planning and prioritizing of tasks is documenting those lists and reviewing the list of tasks regularly. While some may walk away from a conversation feeling ready and motivated, others may need to reference a written account of the same information to feel as though they are set up for success.

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6 How to cope with cognitive fatigue?

Cognitive fatigue can be managed by adjusting your expectations and behavior to match your mental state and capacity. It's important to recognize and acknowledge cognitive fatigue and its effects on performance and mood. To reduce cognitive load or stress, it's best to reduce or avoid non-essential or low-priority tasks. Complex or high-risk tasks that require more cognitive resources or attention should be simplified or delegated. External aids or tools can help with memory, reasoning, or creativity. Seeking help or advice from others to solve problems or make decisions can be beneficial, as well as rewarding yourself or celebrating achievements to boost morale and confidence.

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7 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?

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How can you optimize usability for different types of cognitive tasks and contexts?

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1 What is cognitive fatigue?

2 What causes cognitive fatigue?

3 How to measure cognitive fatigue?

4 How to optimize usability for different types of cognitive tasks and contexts?

5 How to prevent or reduce cognitive fatigue?

6 How to cope with cognitive fatigue?

7 Here’s what else to consider

Usability

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