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How can you monitor wind shear hazards for aviation safety?

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Wind shear is a sudden change in wind speed or direction that can affect the performance and safety of aircraft. It can occur at any altitude, but it is especially dangerous near the ground during takeoff and landing. Wind shear can cause loss of lift, stall, or loss of control, and it can also disrupt the air traffic flow and increase the risk of collisions. How can you monitor wind shear hazards for aviation safety? Here are some tips and tools to help you.

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Roberto Sosa

ATM and SAR Regional Officer ICAO, MBA
Juan Antonio Darias Montilla

Adviser & Aeronautical Atorney Piloto Comercial, Asesor y Abogado Especializado en Derecho Aeronáutico

1 Know the signs

Some of the indicators of wind shear are changes in airspeed, vertical speed, pitch, or altitude, as well as unusual sounds or vibrations. You may also notice visual clues such as dust, smoke, or clouds moving rapidly or in different directions. If you encounter wind shear, follow the standard recovery procedures and report it to the air traffic control and other pilots.

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Roberto Sosa

ATM and SAR Regional Officer ICAO, MBA
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Una mitigación importante es la notificación del fenomeno por parte de los servicios de tránsito aéreo responsables del area donde se manifiesta el mismo, o una radio difusión por parte de la tripulación que ha experimentado el fenomeno.

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Juan Antonio Darias Montilla

Adviser & Aeronautical Atorney Piloto Comercial, Asesor y Abogado Especializado en Derecho Aeronáutico
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El wind shear es causado principalmente por nubes de desarrollo vertical tipo torrecúmulos y cumulonimbos; no obstante, también puede generarse por: ? Corrientes en chorro (jet stream). ? Los vientos alisios y brisas de mar o de monta?a. ? Obstáculos (monta?as, edificios, etc). ? Chorros de baja altitud. Dado que el wind shear generado por tormentas es el más importante y peligroso, se enfatizará en este caso. Las fuertes diferencias de temperatura dentro de la tormenta causan fuertes ráfagas descendentes localizadas en la parte baja y central de la tormenta.

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Purushotam Jha

Driving business growth & Satisfying client since 2018 l Actively Searching for a New role
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For aviation safety, storms can be tracked using a variety of methods, including weather radar, weather forecasting, anemometers, gauges, and visibility indicators. Using this device, pilots can control the storm and take safety precautions.

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2 Check the weather

Before you fly, check the weather reports and forecasts for your departure and destination airports, as well as along your route. Look for conditions that can produce wind shear, such as thunderstorms, frontal systems, temperature inversions, or mountain waves. Avoid flying near or through areas of severe weather or turbulence. If you have to fly in marginal weather, plan your route and altitude carefully and be ready to divert or abort if necessary.

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Juan Antonio Darias Montilla

Adviser & Aeronautical Atorney Piloto Comercial, Asesor y Abogado Especializado en Derecho Aeronáutico
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Se genera en niveles muy bajos que oscilan entre 1500 y 6 000 ft, en los que a medida que la altura es menor, la situación se torna más peligrosa y se dificulta controlar los cambios bruscos de altitud a los que está sometida la aeronave. Cuando el wind shear se presenta a una altura de 200 ft o superior, el 89,5 % de los intentos se logran recuperar en forma segura, mientras que por debajo de esa altura sólo se recuperan el 66,7 % de las aeronaves. Bajo esas características, se definieron 200 ft como una altura crítica para recobrar la aeronave de forma segura; es allí donde el piloto debe estar más consciente del riesgo.

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3 Use the instruments

Many modern aircraft have instruments and systems that can help you detect and avoid wind shear. For example, some have wind shear warning systems that alert you when you are approaching or experiencing wind shear. Others have predictive wind shear systems that use radar or lidar to scan the air ahead and warn you of potential wind shear. You can also use your airspeed indicator, altimeter, vertical speed indicator, and attitude indicator to monitor your flight parameters and identify any deviations caused by wind shear.

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Juan Antonio Darias Montilla

Adviser & Aeronautical Atorney Piloto Comercial, Asesor y Abogado Especializado en Derecho Aeronáutico
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ésta es la segunda causa de siniestralidad meteorológica en aviación, con un 26 % de los casos, a diferencia del engelamiento, la tendencia ha disminuido. Esta positiva evolución se debe a un conocimiento más amplio de los factores que lo producen, a la progresiva instalación de instrumentos como el Low Level Windshear Alert System (LLWAS) para detectar el fenómeno y a las mejoras en la predicción, pero sobre todo a un mayor conocimiento y experiencia de las tripulaciones.

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4 Listen to the reports

Another way to monitor wind shear hazards is to listen to the reports from other pilots, air traffic controllers, and automated weather stations. These sources can provide you with valuable information about the current and expected wind conditions, as well as any wind shear events or warnings. You can also communicate with them to share your own observations and experiences, and to request assistance or guidance if needed.

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5 Follow the guidelines

Finally, you can monitor wind shear hazards by following the guidelines and regulations established by the aviation authorities and organizations. These include minimum safe altitudes, speed limits, separation distances, and landing and takeoff criteria for different wind conditions. You should also follow the recommendations and best practices from your airline, flight school, or instructor, and use your judgment and experience to make safe decisions.

Wind shear is a serious threat to aviation safety, but you can monitor it and reduce its impact by using these tips and tools. Remember to always be prepared, vigilant, and flexible when you fly in windy weather.

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6 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?

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How can you monitor wind shear hazards for aviation safety?

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2

3

4

5

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1 Know the signs

2 Check the weather

3 Use the instruments

4 Listen to the reports

5 Follow the guidelines

6 Here’s what else to consider

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