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How can you fix flickering or banding issues in video?

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Flickering or banding issues in video can ruin your footage and make it look unprofessional. They are caused by a mismatch between the frequency of the light source and the frame rate of your camera. In this article, you will learn how to fix them by adjusting your camera settings and using some post-production techniques.

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1 Identify the source

The first step to fix flickering or banding issues is to identify the source of the problem. Different types of light sources have different frequencies, which can affect how they appear on your video. For example, fluorescent lights usually have a frequency of 50 or 60 Hz, while LED lights can have variable frequencies. You can use a light meter or an app on your phone to measure the frequency of the light source. Alternatively, you can also look at the waveform monitor or the histogram of your camera to see if there are any spikes or dips in the brightness levels.

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John Richard Young, MMus, ChM

Musician | Early Music Scholar | Conductor
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The waveform/histogram is a good place to look, but its far more simple to adjust the frame rate or shutter speed whiling looking at the image, especially on a phone camera or other smaller digital imagine device. Most of the time, if we can turn the problem source off and supplement lighting elsewhere, that's the best solution. If not, adjusting the camera settings while monitoring the image is the fastest way. On set, speed counts.

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2 Adjust your shutter speed

The next step is to adjust your shutter speed to match the frequency of the light source. This will help you avoid flickering or banding issues by synchronizing your camera with the light source. The general rule is to set your shutter speed to a multiple or a fraction of the light source frequency. For example, if the light source has a frequency of 50 Hz, you can set your shutter speed to 1/50, 1/100, 1/150, and so on. You can also use a 180-degree shutter angle, which is equivalent to dividing your frame rate by two. For example, if your frame rate is 24 fps, you can set your shutter angle to 180 degrees, which is equivalent to a shutter speed of 1/48.

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3 Change your frame rate

Another option to fix flickering or banding issues is to change your frame rate to match the frequency of the light source. This will help you avoid flickering or banding issues by creating a consistent exposure for each frame. The general rule is to set your frame rate to a multiple or a fraction of the light source frequency. For example, if the light source has a frequency of 50 Hz, you can set your frame rate to 25, 50, or 100 fps. However, changing your frame rate may affect the motion blur and the cinematic look of your video, so you should consider the creative implications of this option.

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4 Use a filter or a diffuser

Another option to fix flickering or banding issues is to use a filter or a diffuser on your lens or on your light source. This will help you avoid flickering or banding issues by smoothing out the variations in the brightness levels. For example, you can use a neutral density filter or a polarizing filter on your lens to reduce the amount of light entering your camera. Alternatively, you can also use a softbox, a reflector, or a diffuser on your light source to create a more even and soft light. However, using a filter or a diffuser may affect the color temperature and the contrast of your video, so you should consider the aesthetic implications of this option.

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5 Fix it in post

The final option to fix flickering or banding issues is to fix it in post-production using a software or a plugin. This will help you avoid flickering or banding issues by applying a correction or a filter to your video. For example, you can use a deflicker or a de-banding plugin in your editing software to remove the flickering or banding issues automatically. Alternatively, you can also use a color correction or a noise reduction tool to adjust the brightness levels and the color balance of your video. However, fixing it in post may affect the quality and the resolution of your video, so you should consider the technical implications of this option.

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John Richard Young, MMus, ChM

Musician | Early Music Scholar | Conductor
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Trying to fix these issues later with any computer software is a battle of frustration at best, and a non-starter most of the time. Best to fix it before you film.

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6 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?

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How can you fix flickering or banding issues in video?

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1 Identify the source

2 Adjust your shutter speed

3 Change your frame rate

4 Use a filter or a diffuser

5 Fix it in post

6 Here’s what else to consider

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