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How can you ensure your scripts are well-documented and easy to maintain?

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If you use scripts to automate and streamline your system administration tasks, you know how important it is to keep them well-documented and easy to maintain. Scripts that are poorly written, commented, or organized can cause errors, confusion, and frustration for you and your colleagues. In this article, you will learn some best practices and tips to ensure your scripts are clear, consistent, and reliable.

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1 Use a consistent style

One of the first steps to ensure your scripts are well-documented and easy to maintain is to use a consistent style throughout your code. This means following the same naming conventions, indentation, spacing, punctuation, and formatting rules for your variables, functions, comments, and blocks. A consistent style makes your code easier to read, understand, and debug. You can use tools like PEP 8 for Python or ShellCheck for Bash to check and enforce your style.

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Dhananjay Yadav

Systems Engineering Product Advisor, Six Sigma Black Belt at Cummins Tech India Ltd
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Use top-down approach defining objective segregated considering variables if problem definition is clear. This typically comes from management. While the solution is allowed to evolve use Bottom-up approach to add in the variables which were missed out in initial detailing. This typically comes from working team. Art of combining these two will ensure fool-proofing of nothing getting left out during documentation. Before all this, make provision of documentation time separate, as separate stakeholder requirement.

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2 Add meaningful comments

Comments are essential for documenting the purpose, logic, and functionality of your scripts. They can help you and other users to follow the flow of your code, identify the inputs and outputs, and explain any assumptions or limitations. Comments should be concise, clear, and relevant. They should not repeat what the code does, but rather why and how it does it. You can use different types of comments, such as block comments, inline comments, or docstrings, depending on the level of detail and context you need.

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3 Use modular and reusable code

Another way to ensure your scripts are well-documented and easy to maintain is to use modular and reusable code. This means breaking down your code into smaller, independent, and testable units that perform specific tasks. You can use functions, classes, modules, or libraries to organize your code into logical and reusable components. Modular and reusable code can help you avoid duplication, reduce complexity, and improve performance. It can also make your code easier to update, extend, and debug.

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4 Include error handling and logging

Error handling and logging are crucial for ensuring your scripts are well-documented and easy to maintain. Error handling refers to the process of detecting, reporting, and recovering from unexpected or exceptional situations that may occur during the execution of your code. You can use try-except blocks, assertions, or custom exceptions to handle different types of errors and prevent your script from crashing or producing incorrect results. Logging refers to the process of recording and storing information about the events, actions, and status of your code. You can use logging modules, files, or streams to create and manage log messages that can help you monitor, troubleshoot, and debug your script.

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5 Use version control and documentation tools

The final step to ensure your scripts are well-documented and easy to maintain is to use version control and documentation tools. Version control tools, such as Git or SVN, can help you track, manage, and collaborate on the changes made to your code over time. They can also help you create and maintain branches, tags, or releases for different versions of your code. Documentation tools, such as Sphinx or Doxygen, can help you generate and maintain documentation for your code based on the comments, docstrings, or annotations you write. They can also help you create and publish user guides, manuals, or API references for your code.

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6 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?

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Rogelio Gloria

Software Engineer 3D/2D, Networking, VR, AR and VA
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There are many documentation standards and best practice by accredited and recognize agencies and governmental such as International Electrical and Electronics Associations, American International Standards Agencies, United States National Standard and Technology Institute, MILSTD and etc... Never say "by experience or military experience" to people; because you are considered idiots. PS Standards change and always include the Standard, Agency and date.

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How can you ensure your scripts are well-documented and easy to maintain?

1

2

3

4

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1 Use a consistent style

2 Add meaningful comments

3 Use modular and reusable code

4 Include error handling and logging

5 Use version control and documentation tools

6 Here’s what else to consider

Systems Engineering

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How can you ensure your scripts are well-documented and easy to maintain?

1

2

3

4

5

6

1 Use a consistent style

2 Add meaningful comments

3 Use modular and reusable code

4 Include error handling and logging

5 Use version control and documentation tools

6 Here’s what else to consider

Systems Engineering

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