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How can you ensure energy-efficient and sustainable RAN systems?

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Energy efficiency and sustainability are key challenges for the telecommunications industry, especially for the radio access network (RAN) systems that connect mobile devices to the core network. RAN systems consume a large amount of power and generate significant carbon emissions, which can affect the operational costs, environmental impact, and social responsibility of telecom operators. How can you ensure energy-efficient and sustainable RAN systems? Here are some strategies and best practices to consider.

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Johannes Jooste

Principal Engineer Principal Signalling Specialist at PRASA HO
Paula B.

Telecommunication Engineer | Artificial Intelligence (AI) | DevOps | Co-founder @ Bubble
Aleks Milojkovic, P.Eng

Power Engineer | DC | Solar | Networks | Inventor | Entrepreneur | Circularity | Scientist

1 Optimize the network architecture

One way to improve the energy efficiency and sustainability of RAN systems is to optimize the network architecture, which consists of the base stations, the backhaul, and the fronthaul. By reducing the number of base stations, increasing the use of fiber-optic cables, and deploying small cells and distributed antenna systems, you can lower the power consumption and the carbon footprint of the network. You can also leverage cloud-based technologies, such as cloud RAN and edge computing, to centralize and virtualize some of the network functions and resources, which can enhance the performance and flexibility of the network while saving energy.

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Johannes Jooste

Principal Engineer Principal Signalling Specialist at PRASA HO
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Radio Access Networks (RAN) are not used in Signalling, especially not if the data is Fail Safe Data Transmission systems. When the data is interrupted, there is safety timeouts, when the time out has occurred the Electronic Interlocking (EI) will put the elements/Objects involved, into a Fail-Safe state. The Elements can not be used, until cumbersome tests have proven them normal. With ETCS, GSMR (dedicated Cellphone network to the Railway line) is used, Radio Block Centres (RBCs) communicate via GSMR to Train cabs (Authorisation) and EIs (proven states of Elements), allowed speed displayed. EI in station communicate via optical fibre/FSDT to its Elements. We are thinking get rid of RBCs en GSMR (expensive), replace with 5G network to EI.

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Helmut Tobias Branner

Industriemeister Elektrotechnik | Entwicklung von Automatisierungsl?sungen
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Dazu muss man die L?nder und Gesetze der L?nder einzeln betrachten. Das Optimum w?re natürlich wenn alle Unternehmen die selben Frequenzen und Hardware nutzen würden, dadurch k?nnte man Optimieren. Allerdings muss dazu das Frequenzen versteigern abgeschafft werden und durch Betriebslizenzen ersetzt werden. Die Infrastruktur sollte dann durch eine Genossenschaft betrieben und gebaut werden. Somit k?nnten Resourcen geteilt werden gerade in Gebieten mit dünner Besiedelung müsste so nicht jeder Anbieter eine eigene Infrastruktur schaffen und würde CO2 und Energie erheblich sparen.

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Adetunji Lawal

Head of Network Operations | Network Planning and Deployment | Starlink Expert | Client Relationship
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1. Network optimization: Optimize the RAN system by analyzing network performance and identifying areas where energy consumption can be reduced. 2. Energy-efficient hardware: Use energy-efficient and eco-friendly hardware components for RAN infrastructure. 3. Renewable energy sources: Integrate renewable energy sources to power RAN infrastructure. 4. Efficient power management: Implement intelligent power management techniques, such as dynamic power control and power-saving modes, to optimize power consumption based on network demand.

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Richard A.

Sr Specialist Fiber Design Engineer-HSR(High Speed Rail)/OSP/FTTCS/FTTB/FTTP/IFP (1GB FTTH)/cRAN/BAU**Provide more service than what you get paid for -LB**
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1. Invest in energy-efficient network equip to reduce power consumption. 2. Optimize network configs to minimize consumption without compromising performance. 3. Implement dynamic resource allocation to adjust capacity based on demand. 4. Integrate renewable energy sources like solar/wind power. 5. Utilize advanced antenna tech like beamforming to enhance efficiency. 6. Implement virtualization to consolidate network functions. 7. Adopt energy-efficient com protocols & optimize data trans processes. 8. Monitor & maintain RAN components to identify energy inefficiencies. 9. Consider eco-friendly infrastructure design for RAN sites. Engage with industry standards that focus on energy efficiency.

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2 Adopt green technologies and standards

Another way to ensure energy-efficient and sustainable RAN systems is to adopt green technologies and standards that can reduce the energy demand and the environmental impact of the network. For example, you can use renewable energy sources, such as solar, wind, or hydro, to power the base stations, or use batteries or fuel cells as backup power sources. You can also use energy-efficient equipment, such as low-power amplifiers, smart antennas, or cooling systems, to minimize the heat dissipation and the energy loss of the network. Moreover, you can follow the green standards and protocols, such as the 3GPP standards, the ITU-T recommendations, or the ETSI specifications, that can provide guidelines and metrics for measuring and improving the energy efficiency and sustainability of the network.

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Aleks Milojkovic, P.Eng

Power Engineer | DC | Solar | Networks | Inventor | Entrepreneur | Circularity | Scientist
(已编辑)
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Measure telecom equipment power draw of actual live systems. Don't just use the datasheet or power supply size, but actually measure it in Watts with a live test case. Once you have measured the actual Watts your telecom system needs then size your battery system (UPS) to power the equipment. Size a solar generator to power the UPS and enable automatic regeneration. Add an automatic transfer switch (ATS) to switch between solar power and AC grid or other backup power generation. Add Solar generator and Battery storage capacity as the system scales to create a fully regenerative solar powered telecom network.

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3 Implement dynamic power management

A third way to ensure energy-efficient and sustainable RAN systems is to implement dynamic power management, which can adjust the power consumption of the network according to the traffic load and the quality of service. By using techniques such as sleep mode, adaptive modulation, or load balancing, you can switch off or scale down the network components that are not in use or have low utilization, or transfer the traffic to more efficient network paths or cells. This can reduce the energy waste and the carbon emissions of the network while maintaining the service quality and the user satisfaction.

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Helmut Tobias Branner

Industriemeister Elektrotechnik | Entwicklung von Automatisierungsl?sungen
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Diesw L?sung ist je nach Land und/oder Anbieter schon umgesetzt. Selbst die viele Endbenutzer ger?t arbeiten so. Daher ist es eigentlich Peinlich wenn ein Unternehmen das noch nicht umgesetzt hat.

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4 Apply artificial intelligence and machine learning

A fourth way to ensure energy-efficient and sustainable RAN systems is to apply artificial intelligence and machine learning, which can enable the network to learn from the data and the environment and optimize its own operation and configuration. By using algorithms such as deep learning, reinforcement learning, or neural networks, you can analyze the network performance, traffic patterns, user behavior, and environmental conditions, and automate the network planning, optimization, management, and maintenance. This can improve the energy efficiency and sustainability of the network while reducing the human intervention and the operational complexity.

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Paula B.

Telecommunication Engineer | Artificial Intelligence (AI) | DevOps | Co-founder @ Bubble
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De hecho, la O-RAN Alliance (Open Radio Access Network Alliance) es la iniciativa que está en la actualidad dise?ando una nueva arquitectura de Gestión y Orquestación de Servicios (SMO) con el objetivo de permitir una automatización más eficiente de la RAN. La propia plataforma SMO integra tecnologías de inteligencia artificial y aprendizaje automático y puede conectarse a grandes fuentes de datos.

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Helmut Tobias Branner

Industriemeister Elektrotechnik | Entwicklung von Automatisierungsl?sungen
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Vergesst KI das braucht zuviel Energie. Den eigen Kopf einschalten und zurück zu den Basics. Man braucht keine KI welche vorhersagt wann viel n?tig ist, das l?sst sich messen und über eine Logic steuern. Genau so gibt es die M?glichkeit auf einen Funkruf zu reagieren und wenn die Anforderungen kommt die Leistung hochzufahren. Diese Methodeberwenden jede Menge Funkrelais. Sie lauschen und wenn eine Anforderung kommt werden erst die Sender aktiviert, und an dieses Aktivierungssignal kann man alles m?gliche binden. Also KI ist hier nur ein Kosten und Energie Vernichter. Ich erinnere an den Blockchain Hype.

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5 Engage in green collaboration and innovation

A fifth way to ensure energy-efficient and sustainable RAN systems is to engage in green collaboration and innovation, which can foster the exchange of ideas, knowledge, and best practices among the stakeholders and the communities involved in the network. By participating in green initiatives, projects, and partnerships, such as the Green Touch consortium, the Green Radio project, or the Green Mobile Network forum, you can share the challenges, solutions, and experiences related to the energy efficiency and sustainability of the network. You can also explore new technologies, methods, and models that can further enhance the green performance and potential of the network.

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6 Educate and motivate the users and the society

A sixth way to ensure energy-efficient and sustainable RAN systems is to educate and motivate the users and the society, which can influence the demand and the behavior of the network. By raising the awareness and the responsibility of the users and the society about the energy consumption and the environmental impact of the network, you can encourage them to adopt green practices, such as using low-power modes, reducing data usage, or recycling devices. You can also provide incentives and rewards, such as discounts, vouchers, or donations, to motivate them to support the green goals and actions of the network.

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7 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?

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How can you ensure energy-efficient and sustainable RAN systems?

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

1 Optimize the network architecture

2 Adopt green technologies and standards

3 Implement dynamic power management

4 Apply artificial intelligence and machine learning

5 Engage in green collaboration and innovation

6 Educate and motivate the users and the society

7 Here’s what else to consider

Telecommunications Engineering

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How can you ensure energy-efficient and sustainable RAN systems?

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

1 Optimize the network architecture

2 Adopt green technologies and standards

3 Implement dynamic power management

4 Apply artificial intelligence and machine learning

5 Engage in green collaboration and innovation

6 Educate and motivate the users and the society

7 Here’s what else to consider

Telecommunications Engineering

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