How can you ensure compatibility of embedded systems and IoT devices with different platforms?

While looking to build an IoT solution the main goal is always already known. The devices and platforms that will be utilized are what need to be clearly defined before the project initialization. API endpoints required and the communication protocols will define the kind of hardware required. The frequency of the data to be collected and transmitted, the amount of data, and the constrains whether budgetary, size or components. A clear definition of these will help avoid any compatibility issues and also help resolve them earlier on in the project development.

Easiest way is to ensure your systems and devices have a common communication network. In the automotive field - CAN is King. The communication network will allow data sharing between devices, allowing for compatibility. If your current setup does not have a common communication network - add a translator that is able to exchange information between devices on various communication networks.

Provisioning, in the context of an electronic device, refers to the process of configuring a device for use. For most devices, provisioning occurs at the factory, setting up the device with details such as serial numbers, MAC addresses, security keys, and calibration data. Many devices also require a secondary provisioning step that occurs when a customer sets up a device

To achieve compatibility between embedded systems and IoT devices across platforms, developers must adhere to best practices. One such practice is employing open communication protocols, which enable seamless communication between devices. Additionally, it is recommended to develop popular real-time operating systems, as this ensures wider compatibility with various devices. Utilize and validate continuously on diverse hardware platforms and perform regular interoperability testing to ensure proper functionality. Adhering to these compatibility principles saves considerable time and costs compared to trying to integrate or retrofit connectivity after initial implementation.

Working with good software/firmware architecture isolates platform or hardware-dependant code across well-defined interfaces from the main program, making it simpler to adapt to different platforms and to changes in hardware.

Consider your users network requirements, some locked down networks may value only opening a single https endpoint to enable communication. In which case running all your MQTT via a web socket rather than specifying multiple ports on specific IP address is beneficial.

We can achieve compatibility by using common structures in standard communication interfaces and protocols on similar platforms available on the market.