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How can you engage students with learning difficulties?

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Engaging students with learning difficulties can be a challenging but rewarding task for teachers. Learning difficulties are not the same as learning disabilities, which are diagnosed conditions that affect specific cognitive functions. Learning difficulties are more general and can affect students' motivation, attention, memory, organization, or comprehension. However, with some strategies and adaptations, teachers can help students with learning difficulties overcome their barriers and achieve their potential. Here are some tips to engage students with learning difficulties in the classroom.

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Kajal Chhatija

LinkedIn Top Voice | Author | Founder | EduDrone - WE CONNECT | Community Builder | Collaborator | Teacher Trainer | AI…

1 Know your students

The first step to engaging students with learning difficulties is to know their strengths, interests, needs, and goals. You can use formal and informal assessments, observations, interviews, surveys, or portfolios to gather information about your students. You can also collaborate with other teachers, specialists, parents, or students themselves to learn more about their backgrounds, preferences, and challenges. Knowing your students will help you tailor your instruction, materials, and feedback to suit their learning styles and needs.

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Tiffany Ekpete, M.Ed.

Regional Sales Director @ Teachstone | M.Ed. in Educational Leadership and Administration
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Additionally, building intentional and purposeful relationships with your students will help you to better understand them and how they learn best. When a student knows that a teacher truly cares about them as a person, they are more willing to do what it takes to make them happy. This relationship will also help to foster a more open and productive relationship with the parent/guardian. This will allow for better collaboration between teacher and student, teacher and family, family and school. When all three work together, the whole child can learn and have a better chance at having a successful academic year, especially when it comes to children with learning difficulties.

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2 Differentiate your instruction

Differentiating your instruction means providing multiple ways for students to access, process, and demonstrate their learning. You can differentiate your instruction by modifying the content, process, product, or environment of your lessons. For example, you can vary the level, complexity, or format of the content you teach, the activities or methods you use to deliver the instruction, the tasks or assessments you assign to measure the learning, or the physical or social setting of the classroom. Differentiating your instruction will help you meet the diverse needs and abilities of your students with learning difficulties and challenge them at their appropriate level.

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Tiffany Ekpete, M.Ed.

Regional Sales Director @ Teachstone | M.Ed. in Educational Leadership and Administration
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It's also important to understand that differentiating your instruction does not mean changing your instruction completely. Differentiating instruction speaks to the diverse ways of learning amongst students. Therefore during instruction, something should resonate with your students who are below, at or above grade level. Whole group instruction should not last longer than 10-15 minutes, so that the majority of the instructional period can be spent in small groups, where teachers can break down content to fit the needs and understanding of all students. It's important to remember that content does not have to change. Whatever is still being missed can be addressed in intervention as well.

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3 Use multimodal and multisensory approaches

Using multimodal and multisensory approaches means engaging multiple senses and modes of communication in your teaching and learning. You can use visual, auditory, kinesthetic, or tactile stimuli to enhance your students' attention, memory, and comprehension. You can also use verbal, nonverbal, written, or graphic modes of expression to support your students' communication and understanding. For example, you can use images, videos, audio clips, or manipulatives to illustrate your concepts, or you can use gestures, signs, symbols, or charts to reinforce your instructions. Using multimodal and multisensory approaches will help you cater to your students' preferred learning styles and modalities and stimulate their interest and curiosity.

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4 Incorporate cooperative learning and peer support

Incorporating cooperative learning and peer support means creating opportunities for students to work together and learn from each other. You can use group work, pair work, peer tutoring, or peer feedback to foster collaboration and interaction among your students. You can also use scaffolding, modeling, or coaching to guide your students' learning and provide them with support and feedback. For example, you can assign roles, tasks, or goals to each group member, or you can pair a stronger student with a weaker student to help each other. Incorporating cooperative learning and peer support will help you build a positive and inclusive classroom culture and enhance your students' social and academic skills.

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5 Foster self-regulation and metacognition

Fostering self-regulation and metacognition means helping students to monitor and control their own learning and behavior. You can use strategies such as goal setting, self-monitoring, self-evaluation, self-reinforcement, or self-instruction to empower your students to take charge of their own learning and progress. You can also use strategies such as think-alouds, questioning, reflection, or feedback to encourage your students to think about their own thinking and learning processes. For example, you can help your students set realistic and specific goals, or you can ask them to explain their strategies, choices, or outcomes. Fostering self-regulation and metacognition will help you develop your students' confidence, motivation, and independence.

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Kajal Chhatija

LinkedIn Top Voice | Author | Founder | EduDrone - WE CONNECT | Community Builder | Collaborator | Teacher Trainer | AI Enthusiast |Advisory Board Member - OMOTEC | Director, United International School, Pune
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Explicit Instruction: Clearly teach self-regulation and metacognitive strategies. Goal Setting: Guide students in setting realistic and achievable learning goals. Self-Monitoring: Encourage students to monitor their progress and identify strengths and areas for improvement. Reflection: Foster regular reflection on learning experiences to analyze strategies and outcomes. Modeling: Demonstrate effective self-regulation and metacognitive processes through modeling. Feedback Loop: Create a feedback loop to reinforce positive habits. Support Structures: Implement visual aids or checklists to assist students. Gradual Release: Transition responsibility gradually, empowering students. Individualized Approaches: Tailor support to accommodate needs.

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6 Make learning fun and meaningful

Making learning fun and meaningful means creating a positive and engaging learning environment that connects to your students' interests, experiences, and aspirations. You can use games, puzzles, songs, stories, or humor to add fun and variety to your lessons and activities. You can also use real-life examples, scenarios, problems, or projects to make your lessons and activities relevant and authentic. For example, you can use a bingo game to review vocabulary, or you can use a community service project to apply skills and knowledge. Making learning fun and meaningful will help you capture your students' attention, enthusiasm, and retention.

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Kajal Chhatija

LinkedIn Top Voice | Author | Founder | EduDrone - WE CONNECT | Community Builder | Collaborator | Teacher Trainer | AI Enthusiast |Advisory Board Member - OMOTEC | Director, United International School, Pune
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Inclusive Activities: Design diverse activities accommodating different learning styles. Adapted Resources: Tailor materials to individual needs, using multimedia and accessible formats. Gamification: Introduce game-like elements for engaging and enjoyable learning experiences. Hands-On Learning: Incorporate tangible experiences like experiments to enhance understanding. Creative Expression: Encourage artistic outlets, allowing self-expression through various mediums. Choice and Autonomy: Offer task options, empowering students to align with their interests. Collaborative Projects: Foster teamwork, enabling mutual support and skill-sharing. Real-World Connections: Relate lessons to practical scenarios for meaningful understanding.

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7 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?

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How can you engage students with learning difficulties?

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

1 Know your students

2 Differentiate your instruction

3 Use multimodal and multisensory approaches

4 Incorporate cooperative learning and peer support

5 Foster self-regulation and metacognition

6 Make learning fun and meaningful

7 Here’s what else to consider

K-12 Education

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How can you engage students with learning difficulties?

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

1 Know your students

2 Differentiate your instruction

3 Use multimodal and multisensory approaches

4 Incorporate cooperative learning and peer support

5 Foster self-regulation and metacognition

6 Make learning fun and meaningful

7 Here’s what else to consider

K-12 Education

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