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How can you differentiate instruction to meet the needs of all students in critical reading?

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Critical reading is the ability to analyze, evaluate, and synthesize information from various sources and perspectives. It is an essential skill for students in the 21st century, as they face complex and diverse texts and media in their academic and personal lives. However, not all students have the same background knowledge, learning styles, interests, and goals when it comes to critical reading. How can you differentiate instruction to meet the needs of all students in critical reading?

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Iram Abid

Award-Winning Educator | Innovating Life Skills & Global Citizenship | Facilitator of PD Programs

1 Assess your students' strengths and needs

Before you plan your instruction, you need to know where your students are in terms of their critical reading skills and abilities. You can use a variety of formal and informal assessments, such as pre-tests, surveys, interviews, portfolios, rubrics, and observations, to gather data on your students' reading levels, preferences, strategies, and challenges. This will help you identify their readiness, interests, and learning profiles, which are the key factors for differentiation.

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Iram Abid

Award-Winning Educator | Innovating Life Skills & Global Citizenship | Facilitator of PD Programs
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To make sure every student can do well in critical reading, teachers can use different ways of teaching. One way is to give students different kinds of reading materials, like short stories or articles. Teachers can also make groups based on how well students read and understand. Some students might get easier tasks, and some might get more challenging ones. Teachers can use pictures or charts to help students understand better. They can also talk to each student to know what they find easy or hard and help them accordingly. Everyone doesn't have to do the same things at the same time. By using different methods, teachers can make sure everyone can learn and do well in critical reading.

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Angela Ee De Silva

Head of Biology/Science | Biology/Science Teacher | 21st Century Learning Skills | Rosenshine's Principle | Learning Powered Approach | Growth Mindset | Differentiation | Flipped Learning| Formative Assessment
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Personally, I have to stress that this step is very important to avoid teachers applying differentiated tasks ad-hoc. Without this step, it will also result in teachers not being able to clearly know if the differentiated task is effective in bringing about progress. Furthermore, most times differentiation my not be just about different levels of academic capacity, it could also be attention span, preference of learning and other things that could significantly affect how well the students can absorb the content.

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2 Adjust your content and process

Once you have a clear picture of your students' strengths and needs, you can modify the content and process of your instruction to match their levels and styles. Content refers to what you teach, such as the texts, topics, concepts, and skills. Process refers to how you teach, such as the activities, strategies, and methods. You can differentiate content and process by using flexible grouping, scaffolding, tiering, choice boards, graphic organizers, and other tools to provide multiple options and supports for your students.

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Angela Ee De Silva

Head of Biology/Science | Biology/Science Teacher | 21st Century Learning Skills | Rosenshine's Principle | Learning Powered Approach | Growth Mindset | Differentiation | Flipped Learning| Formative Assessment
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Knowing what your students prefer is very important in keeping them engaged (or hooked), and then you need to cleverly lead them to other tasks that they may not necessarily like but is essential for them to learn and adopt key learning characteristics. At the end of the day, they have to be able to retain and retrieve all the information learned and sit for an exam.

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3 Vary your product and environment

Another way to differentiate instruction is to change the product and environment of your instruction. Product refers to what you ask your students to do to demonstrate their learning, such as the assignments, projects, and assessments. Environment refers to where and when you teach, such as the physical space, time, and climate. You can differentiate product and environment by allowing your students to show their understanding in different formats and modes, such as writing, speaking, drawing, or performing. You can also create a flexible and respectful environment that accommodates your students' needs and preferences, such as seating, lighting, noise, and pace.

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Angela Ee De Silva

Head of Biology/Science | Biology/Science Teacher | 21st Century Learning Skills | Rosenshine's Principle | Learning Powered Approach | Growth Mindset | Differentiation | Flipped Learning| Formative Assessment
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One very effective way of getting students to like learning is to give them confidence, but more so to help them build their confidence. They need to reflect on what they have successfully achieved and the learning journey they went through to reach this point of success. So as teachers we need to point it out to them or get them to see it for themselves. Reflection in this way will give them confidence and motivate them to learn more.

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4 Monitor and evaluate your instruction

The final step in differentiation is to monitor and evaluate your instruction and your students' progress. You can use ongoing formative assessments, such as quizzes, journals, self-assessments, and feedback, to check your students' understanding and growth. You can also use summative assessments, such as tests, essays, presentations, and portfolios, to measure your students' achievement and mastery. Based on the results, you can adjust your instruction accordingly and celebrate your students' successes.

Differentiating instruction for critical reading is not a one-size-fits-all approach. It requires careful planning, implementation, and reflection based on your students' diverse needs and abilities. By following these steps, you can create a more engaging and effective learning experience for your students and help them develop their critical reading skills and confidence.

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Angela Ee De Silva

Head of Biology/Science | Biology/Science Teacher | 21st Century Learning Skills | Rosenshine's Principle | Learning Powered Approach | Growth Mindset | Differentiation | Flipped Learning| Formative Assessment
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It is also equally important for students to discover that learning in another way may be more effective than the way they prefer. So if the teacher can show them their success in a different way of learning, students become more confident and motivated. They are more willing to put in their own effort and become independent learners.

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5 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?

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How can you differentiate instruction to meet the needs of all students in critical reading?

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3

4

5

1 Assess your students' strengths and needs

2 Adjust your content and process

3 Vary your product and environment

4 Monitor and evaluate your instruction

5 Here’s what else to consider

K-12 Education

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How can you differentiate instruction to meet the needs of all students in critical reading?

1

2

3

4

5

1 Assess your students' strengths and needs

2 Adjust your content and process

3 Vary your product and environment

4 Monitor and evaluate your instruction

5 Here’s what else to consider

K-12 Education

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