How can you communicate with air traffic control and other airspace users when flying drones?

1 Know the airspace

Before you fly your drone, you need to know what kind of airspace you are in and what restrictions apply to it. Airspace is divided into different classes, from A to G, depending on the level of ATC services and the type of aircraft that operate in it. You can use online tools, such as the FAA's B4UFLY app or the Drone Assist app in the UK, to check the airspace classification and any temporary or permanent restrictions, such as no-fly zones, controlled airspace, or flight restrictions zones. You should also consult aeronautical charts and notices to airmen (NOTAMs) for more detailed information.

2 Contact ATC if required

In some cases, you may need to contact ATC before or during your drone flight, depending on the airspace class and the type of operation. For example, if you want to fly your drone in controlled airspace, such as near an airport or a heliport, you need to obtain an authorization from ATC, either through the Low Altitude Authorization and Notification Capability (LAANC) system in the US, or through a specific process in other countries. You should also contact ATC if you encounter an emergency situation, such as a lost link, a malfunction, or a collision risk.

3 Use radio communication

One of the most common and effective ways to communicate with ATC and other airspace users is to use radio communication. You can use a handheld radio or a headset connected to your smartphone or tablet to listen to and transmit on the appropriate frequency. You should follow the standard radio phraseology and procedures, such as using the phonetic alphabet, speaking clearly and concisely, and confirming instructions. You should also monitor the traffic information broadcast (TIB) or the automatic terminal information service (ATIS) to get updates on the weather, runway, and traffic conditions.

4 Use visual communication

Another way to communicate with ATC and other airspace users is to use visual communication. This means using lights, signals, or markings on your drone to indicate your position, intention, or status. For example, you can use red and green navigation lights to show your orientation, white strobe lights to increase your visibility, or a transponder or an electronic conspicuity device to broadcast your location and identification. You can also use hand signals or flags to communicate with other drone pilots or ground personnel.

5 Use digital communication

A third way to communicate with ATC and other airspace users is to use digital communication. This means using apps, websites, or platforms that allow you to share your flight information, request permission, or report incidents. For example, you can use the UAS Flight Information Management System (UAS-FIMS) or the UAS Service Supplier (USS) network in the US, or the U-Space system in Europe, to access and exchange data with ATC and other drone operators. You can also use the FAA's Drone Zone website or the UK's Drone and Model Aircraft Registration and Education Service (DMARES) to register your drone and take online tests.

6 Be courteous and respectful

Finally, one of the most important aspects of communication with ATC and other airspace users is to be courteous and respectful. You should always follow the rules and regulations that apply to your drone flight, and respect the privacy and property of others. You should also avoid flying in a way that could interfere with or endanger other aircraft, such as flying too close, too high, or too fast. You should also be ready to cooperate and comply with any requests or instructions from ATC or other authorities.

7 Here’s what else to consider

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