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How can you avoid common mistakes in CPM scheduling?

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CPM scheduling is a powerful tool for planning and managing construction projects. It helps you estimate the duration, cost, and resources of each activity, and identify the critical path and the dependencies among tasks. However, if you don't use it correctly, you can end up with unrealistic expectations, missed deadlines, and increased risks. Here are some common mistakes in CPM scheduling and how you can avoid them.

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1 Mistake 1: Not defining the scope clearly

One of the first steps in CPM scheduling is to define the scope of the project, which includes the objectives, deliverables, specifications, and assumptions. If you skip this step or do it poorly, you may face scope creep, change orders, rework, and disputes later on. To avoid this mistake, you should involve all the stakeholders in the scope definition process, document the scope in detail, and get it approved and signed off by the client and the project team.

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David Renner, ARM

Loss Control Field Director with The Cincinnati Insurance Companies
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I'm currently studying for my PMP certification with Rita Mulcahy's PMP Exam Prep book. I'm finding that defining scope is the foundation. Scope needs to be a realistic plan that everyone agrees on. Whether it's a predictive plan for the construction project or an adaptive or hybrid environment with progressive elaboration, the scope, schedule and cost baselines have to be solid up front. The ISBN for the book: 9781943704347

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2 Mistake 2: Not breaking down the work properly

Another essential step in CPM scheduling is to break down the work into manageable and measurable tasks, using a work breakdown structure (WBS). If you don't do this step properly, you may end up with too many or too few tasks, vague or overlapping descriptions, and inaccurate estimates. To avoid this mistake, you should follow the best practices of WBS creation, such as using nouns and verbs, following the 100% rule, and using the 8/80 rule.

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3 Mistake 3: Not estimating the duration and cost accurately

Once you have the tasks defined, you need to estimate how long and how much each task will take to complete, using historical data, expert judgment, or analytical methods. If you don't do this step accurately, you may end up with unrealistic or inconsistent estimates, which can affect the quality, budget, and schedule of the project. To avoid this mistake, you should use multiple sources of information, apply contingency factors, and update the estimates as the project progresses.

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4 Mistake 4: Not identifying the dependencies correctly

After you have the duration and cost estimates, you need to identify the logical relationships among the tasks, using precedence diagrams or network diagrams. If you don't do this step correctly, you may end up with missing or incorrect dependencies, which can cause delays, conflicts, and inefficiencies in the project. To avoid this mistake, you should use the four types of dependencies (finish-to-start, start-to-start, finish-to-finish, and start-to-finish), check for circular references, and validate the logic with the project team.

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Paul Bryant

Construction Executive | Capital Program Mgt | PM/CM | Arbitration | Management Consulting
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A common theme with process equipment and utility systems is that there are few true sequences of activities and dependencies. For example, you can start at the beginning, middle, or end of a pipe run, or install partial runs of multiple systems. My approach is to choose a sequence, minimize dependencies then crew load it to help determine how many lines or how much equipment can be installed at any one time. As activities vary from plan during install, it can be difficult to disconnect and reconnect all the dependencies because they are resource constrained, not activity constrained. At several points I have to change dependencies and relevel crews so I make educated guesses at the %complete by system and project end dates.

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5 Mistake 5: Not updating the schedule regularly

The final step in CPM scheduling is to monitor and control the schedule, using tools such as Gantt charts, earned value analysis, or variance analysis. If you don't do this step regularly, you may end up with outdated or inaccurate information, which can affect the decision making, communication, and performance of the project. To avoid this mistake, you should update the schedule at least once a week, track the actual progress and costs, and report any deviations or changes to the project team and the client.

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6 Mistake 6: Not communicating the schedule effectively

The CPM schedule is not only a tool for planning and managing the project, but also a tool for communicating the project status, expectations, and issues to the stakeholders. If you don't communicate the schedule effectively, you may end up with misunderstandings, conflicts, and dissatisfaction among the project team, the client, and the subcontractors. To avoid this mistake, you should use clear and concise language, use visual aids and reports, and tailor the communication to the audience and the purpose.

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7 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?

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Jeremie Harrison, PMP

Program Manager????♂?
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In my experience, it’s best to involve the field team, specifically the superintendent, as early and as regularly as possible. I’ve never understood why some managers don’t utilize the boots on the ground people that really know how long something should take.

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How can you avoid common mistakes in CPM scheduling?

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

1 Mistake 1: Not defining the scope clearly

2 Mistake 2: Not breaking down the work properly

3 Mistake 3: Not estimating the duration and cost accurately

4 Mistake 4: Not identifying the dependencies correctly

5 Mistake 5: Not updating the schedule regularly

6 Mistake 6: Not communicating the schedule effectively

7 Here’s what else to consider

Construction

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How can you avoid common mistakes in CPM scheduling?

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

1 Mistake 1: Not defining the scope clearly

2 Mistake 2: Not breaking down the work properly

3 Mistake 3: Not estimating the duration and cost accurately

4 Mistake 4: Not identifying the dependencies correctly

5 Mistake 5: Not updating the schedule regularly

6 Mistake 6: Not communicating the schedule effectively

7 Here’s what else to consider

Construction

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