How can GIS support disaster recovery in spatial planning?

In a GIS database, perform buffering by creating a zone around spatial features, and intersecting by overlaying layers to find common spatial elements. Use software tools like ArcGIS or QGIS, employing functions like Buffer and Intersect, to execute these operations, aiding in spatial analysis and decision-making processes.

Natural and artificial hazards are the crucial areas where GIS and Remote Sensing are playing an important role in decision making. And the Covid-19 period has made realisation of how significant Location-based insights are in all sectors.

Assessing Impacts is the first and foremost task in case of any disaster. GIS technology with spatial data helps us plan the mitigation measures. For example, we can start by having the geography and demographics of that area as the base and expand on it with information reported on disasters and from visual sources. This collected data has applications in marking the most critical areas in case of aftershocks and planning rescue.

GIS aids in risk assessment by mapping vulnerable areas, identifying critical infrastructure, and assessing potential hazards. During and post-disaster, GIS helps monitor real-time events, track affected areas, and prioritise response efforts. Spatial analysis facilitates resource allocation, optimising the distribution of aid and emergency services based on geographic needs. GIS enables the creation of detailed damage assessments and recovery plans by visualising impacted regions. It supports communication and coordination among response teams through interactive maps, enhancing overall efficiency

Through GIS, we can assess the impact of disaster via pre-event and post-event data. This analysis helps in decision-making for various support and action to be taken. For example, in flood risk assessment or damage assessment after an earthquake.

GIS provides authorities with the perfect way for situation awareness ... In one comprehensive & dynamic view, decision makers can visualize: damaged areas, safe areas, available resources (either fixed or mobile), real-time data. Using GIS analytics, they can define the suitable & nearest resources to be allocated for damaged areas, set priorities, detect gaps, and monitor the performance of field teams.

GIS aids in planning and prioritizing reconstruction efforts, and coordinating restoration of essential infrastructure by mapping damaged areas.

Recent pandemic Covid-19 was one prime example of how GIS played a significant role in designing and implementing disaster management strategies. Some of the highlights were as follow: 1) Track, map and quarantine the high risk zones. 2) Identify vulnerable areas to correctly assess potential impact of the infection. 3) Develop GIS-based alert systems and live city level dashboards to provide early warnings & to track the infection rate. 4) Optimize logistics by analyzing transportation routes and ensuring timely resource deployment during emergencies like ambulances. 5) Prioritizing mitigation strategies and establishing coordination among various response teams and agencies.