Here's how you can expertly address questions on GIS data collection in an interview.

La première chose que mon mentor, ancien collègue qui m'a formé avant de partir à la retraite, m'a enseigné en SIG, c'est qu'il faut penser à la diffusion de la donnée dès sa collecte. C'est-à-dire anticiper les besoins et attentes des futurs utilisateurs de la donnée que nous collectons, afin que la mesure soit la plus exhaustive possible et que les données enregistrées soient les plus complètes possibles. Les attributs et métadonnées qui sont associés à la donnée sont aussi indispensables que la mesure elle-même.

Capturing geodata with high precision could also be done with total stations which are more precise and accurate than GPS rovers. It's also worth mentioning that it is better to replace the term GPS with GNSS that includes GPS and other global navigation systems like GLONASS, Galileo and Bei-Dou.

The global value and processing chain of the data, from its collection on the field, to its diffusion/broadcasting on a map or online must be thought right from the start. A measure on the field is worth nothing if its annex attributes and information are not collected along (for example: date, time, state of the river... when collecting a water sampling with its GPS coordinate).

Automated feature extraction from satellite imagery and aerial photographs using GeoAI algorithms can significantly speed up data collection processes. Moreover, LiDAR technology provides high-resolution, three-dimensional information that is invaluable for topographic mapping and urban planning.

??In field data collection, logistical challenges such as securing permissions for access and ensuring the safety of personnel are critical considerations. Leveraging local knowledge and involving community members can improve data accuracy and foster trust. Adapting to unexpected conditions with contingency plans is also important for successful field operations.

Ethical GIS practice includes being mindful of cultural sensitivities and respecting indigenous knowledge. Engaging with indigenous communities and incorporating their insights can enrich GIS data and ensure it is used in ways that benefit those communities. Ethical considerations also involve transparent data governance and respecting intellectual property rights.

The integration of GIS with the Internet of Things (IoT) is set to transform real-time data collection. IoT devices can continuously stream location-based data, providing up-to-date information for dynamic mapping and monitoring. The increasing availability of open data initiatives is also enhancing the accessibility and richness of GIS datasets.

GIS is transversal: you can use it on environmental data like water flow, agricultural data like crops monitoring, urban planning like heat forecasting in cities,... GIS is a tool for decision-making.

Consider: ? Engaging with local communities and stakeholders from the onset of GIS projects ensures that the data collected is relevant and accurately reflects local realities. Participatory GIS (PGIS) approaches involve community members in the data collection process, empowering them and enhancing the legitimacy of the data collected.