Dealing with inconsistent layer adhesion in your 3D prints?

If you believe the print temperature to be correct for the material you are printing, watch the temperature during a print to see if it's fluctuating significantly (+/- 5°C or more) around the desired temperature. This could be a sign that the hotend needs to be PID tuned for that temperature. If this isn't the case, check to see if the part cooling fans are blowing on the hotend rather than right below the nozzle. For a stock printer, this should not be an issue, but if a modification was made to the print head, this is worth checking.

The extruder temperature of a 3D printer is crucial for achieving consistent print layer adhesion. If the temperature is too low, the filament may not melt properly, leading to poor bonding between layers, weak prints, and visible gaps. Conversely, if the temperature is too high, the filament can become overly liquid, causing it to ooze and create a messy print with weak layer adhesion. Maintaining the correct extruder temperature ensures that the filament flows smoothly and bonds well with the previous layers, resulting in strong, uniform prints. Adjusting the temperature settings according to the filament type is essential for optimal layer adhesion.

También se debe tener en cuenta que la temperatura de impresión puede diferir de una impresora a otra, así que primero debes realizar algunas pruebas previas para ver si todo la impresión es como la quedé deseas.

Bed leveling is crucial for consistent print layer adhesion in 3D printing. If the print bed is not level, the nozzle's distance from the bed will vary across the print surface, leading to uneven layer adhesion. This inconsistency can cause issues such as warping, poor surface finish, and even print failure, as some areas might not stick properly while others are overly compressed. Proper bed leveling ensures the nozzle maintains an optimal and uniform distance from the print bed, resulting in consistent layer adhesion. This uniformity enhances print quality, reduces the risk of errors, and leads to smoother and more precise final prints.

Una técnica muy usual para lograr una buena nivelación de la cama de forma manuel es usar un papel de aproximadamente 1mm de espesor e ir probando en los diferentes puntos de la cama (por lo general, en las 4 esquinas y el centro). El papel debe de poder moverse cuando esté entre la cama y el hoten, debe de tener un débil raspado.

Here are some points I would like to clarify: -The optimal printing speed for filaments is usually provided by the spool manufacturers. However, most of the time these values are often very slow compared to the capabilities of new 3D printers. To obtain a more appropriate benchmark for high-speed printing, you can refer to the standard values provided by slicers like Bambu Studio (proprietary) or Orca Slicer (open source). -Printing speed and extrusion temperature are closely related. To print at high speed, the extruder needs to be hotter to make the filament less viscous. -A very slow printing speed can also be useful for enabling the formation of crystal networks within the material, particularly when printing transparent materials.

Print speed greatly influences layer adhesion in 3D printing. High speeds can prevent layers from bonding properly, causing issues like separation or delamination. On the other hand, overly slow speeds may lead to overheating and excess filament, resulting in defects such as stringing and blobbing. Achieving the right print speed is essential for consistent layer adhesion, ensuring each layer bonds well with the previous one. This reduces common defects like warping, stringing, and poor surface finish. By optimizing print speed according to the material and printer specifications, you can enhance print quality and minimize these issues.

En este caso siempre se debe de consultar previamente el manual del fabricante de la impresora 3D y poder jugar en el rango dado para obtener una velocidad óptima. También, considerar que la velocidad óptima de impresión puede variar si cambias el tipo de PLA.

Some tips for filament quality: - Always dry your filament before first use, even when it's fresh out of the bag as it may still be wet - PETG and TPU need proper drying to ensure the best quality - Avoid ABS+ as it isn't typically as good as ABS or ASA - Good filament will have a consistent diameter to ensure quality prints

Regular maintenance checks are essential for achieving better print quality and reducing defects in 3D printing. By conducting routine inspections, such as cleaning print nozzles, ensuring proper bed leveling, and checking filament integrity, users can prevent common issues like clogging and misalignment. Calibrating the printer regularly helps maintain accuracy and consistency in print dimensions. Additionally, updating firmware and software ensures compatibility with the latest advancements, improving overall performance. These proactive measures not only extend the lifespan of the printer but also enhance reliability, resulting in higher-quality prints with fewer defects.

One other thing that isn't covered here is the quality of the print surface as not all PEI sheets are created the same. The new PEI sheet I got has significantly better adhesion to the point where brims were no longer needed for ASA, which is notoriously prone to warping.

I would like to add some precautions to take regarding the adhesion of the first layers to prevent warping or detachment of the parts during printing. ? Cleaning the build plate is crucial and should be done regularly to ensure good adhesion: first, clean with water and soap, then with isopropyl alcohol. ? Apply hairspray (my preference) or glue stick to the build plate to increase adhesion. Some special materials require a specific adhesive (e.g., PP stick for printing with polypropylene).