A third challenge of working in transportation planning in a rural area is the changing conditions, such as population growth or decline, economic shifts, technological innovations, or climate change. Rural areas are not static or homogeneous, but rather dynamic and diverse, which can affect the demand and supply of transportation services and infrastructure. For example, some rural areas may experience population growth or decline due to migration, aging, or natural disasters, which can alter the travel patterns and needs of different groups. Similarly, some rural areas may face economic shifts due to changes in industries, markets, or policies, which can influence the availability and affordability of transportation options. Furthermore, some rural areas may adopt or adapt to technological innovations, such as smart mobility, electric vehicles, or telework, which can create new opportunities or challenges for transportation planning. Lastly, some rural areas may be more vulnerable or resilient to climate change, which can impact the environmental and social costs and benefits of transportation planning.