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You're transitioning to a career in academia. What research skills do you need to succeed?

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If you're thinking of switching to a career in academia, you might wonder what research skills you need to succeed in this competitive and challenging field. Research skills are not only essential for conducting original and rigorous studies, but also for communicating your findings, applying for grants, collaborating with peers, and teaching students. In this article, we'll explore six key research skills that you should develop or improve if you want to thrive as an academic.

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Umar Azmeh

Registrar @ Qatar International Court and Dispute Resolution Centre | DPhil (PhD) Candidate at the University of Oxford…
Márcio S. de Santana

Historiador da UEL CLCH | Analista Político | Colaborador da Revista Será? | Editor de Se??o (História) da Revista…

1 Literature Review

A literature review is a systematic and critical analysis of the existing research on a topic, which helps you identify gaps, trends, and controversies in your field. A literature review also helps you situate your own research question and methodology within the broader context and demonstrate your contribution to the knowledge base. To conduct a literature review, you need to be able to search, evaluate, synthesize, and cite relevant sources using appropriate databases, tools, and standards.

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Márcio S. de Santana

Historiador da UEL CLCH | Analista Político | Colaborador da Revista Será? | Editor de Se??o (História) da Revista Semina: Ciências Sociais e Humanas
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The literature review is the best way to assess the originality of your own research in relation to everything that has already been produced by your peers. Furthermore, it allows for an improvement in their approach, ensuring that the researcher develops original ideas. Knowing what was done previously, and how it was done, the researcher can focus his energies on aspects that are little or unexplored, ensuring development of the scientific field to which he is dedicated. Attention: the research problem is the guide for carrying out a literature review. A review for the topic of War is humanly unthinkable, but a review for a well-situated problem such as "the role of young people in times of war" is much more realistic.

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2 Research Design

Research design is the plan and strategy for conducting your study, which includes defining your research question, objectives, hypotheses, variables, methods, data collection, analysis, and ethical considerations. Research design helps you ensure the validity, reliability, and feasibility of your research, as well as aligning it with your theoretical framework and research paradigm. To design a sound research project, you need to be familiar with different types of research designs, such as experimental, quasi-experimental, observational, descriptive, correlational, causal-comparative, case study, survey, and action research.

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3 Data Analysis

Data analysis is the process of applying statistical techniques and software to organize, summarize, interpret, and present your data in a meaningful way. Data analysis helps you test your hypotheses, answer your research questions, and draw conclusions from your findings. To perform data analysis, you need to be proficient in using various data analysis methods, such as descriptive statistics, inferential statistics, regression analysis, factor analysis, cluster analysis, content analysis, thematic analysis, and discourse analysis.

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4 Academic Writing

Academic writing is the formal and structured style of writing that you use to communicate your research results and arguments to your target audience, such as journal editors, reviewers, peers, and students. Academic writing helps you demonstrate your credibility, authority, and originality as a researcher, as well as adhering to the conventions and standards of your discipline and publication venue. To master academic writing, you need to be skilled in using clear, concise, coherent, and consistent language, grammar, punctuation, and formatting, as well as following the appropriate citation and referencing style.

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5 Research Dissemination

Research dissemination is the process of sharing your research findings and implications with relevant stakeholders and the public, using various channels and formats, such as journals, books, conferences, workshops, podcasts, blogs, and social media. Research dissemination helps you increase the visibility, impact, and accessibility of your research, as well as engaging with feedback, criticism, and collaboration opportunities. To effectively disseminate your research, you need to be able to tailor your message, style, and medium to suit different audiences and purposes, as well as using visual aids, multimedia, and interactive elements.

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6 Research Management

Research management is the process of planning, organizing, coordinating, and monitoring your research activities and resources, such as time, budget, personnel, equipment, and data. Research management helps you achieve your research goals and objectives, as well as complying with ethical, legal, and institutional requirements. To excel in research management, you need to be able to set realistic and measurable milestones, prioritize and delegate tasks, solve problems, handle conflicts, and evaluate and report your progress and outcomes.

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7 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?

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Umar Azmeh

Registrar @ Qatar International Court and Dispute Resolution Centre | DPhil (PhD) Candidate at the University of Oxford | Lexis Nexis Middle East Legal Personality of the Year 2024
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In my view the required skills will depend on the field to which one belongs. By way of example, if one is a legal academic and - by virtue of the subject area, does little to no primary research - then the secondary research skills are the most important. This will include, generally reading widely, signing up for alerts with learned legal journals and also ensuring that one receives regular caselaw updates from relevant courts: this will mean that the individual in question is likely to be kept abreast of the most significant developments. As another critical component: one must be comfortable navigating the major legal databases which will include knowing how their respective search functions operate in order to be effective.

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Márcio S. de Santana

Historiador da UEL CLCH | Analista Político | Colaborador da Revista Será? | Editor de Se??o (História) da Revista Semina: Ciências Sociais e Humanas
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The university is a very peculiar institution. The transition to academic life can be confusing, especially if the professional comes from a large corporation. The time of action is different, the objectives are different, the way of acting is not even mentioned. The provision of services at a university occurs all the time, appearing in all the activities that the professional does. An interview, a published article, an extension project, etc. takes the name/brand of the institution to the citizen/client. It's a very interesting relationship. Most institutions operate on a collegial decision-making model, which makes the process slower, but potentially more representative of the interest of the majority.

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Dina De Rentiis

Mind over Meaning and System
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In my opinion, in addition to talent, qualifications and skills in literature research, research design, data analysis, scientific writing, dissemination of research results and research management, researchers need above all a strong will of their own, an unwavering ability to learn and a good mentor with whom they can communicate in mutual respect

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You're transitioning to a career in academia. What research skills do you need to succeed?

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

1 Literature Review

2 Research Design

3 Data Analysis

4 Academic Writing

5 Research Dissemination

6 Research Management

7 Here’s what else to consider

Research

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You're transitioning to a career in academia. What research skills do you need to succeed?

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

1 Literature Review

2 Research Design

3 Data Analysis

4 Academic Writing

5 Research Dissemination

6 Research Management

7 Here’s what else to consider

Research

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