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You're planning a mineral exploration. What geology survey tools do you need to get the best results?

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Mineral exploration is a challenging and rewarding activity that requires careful planning and preparation. You need to gather as much information as possible about the geology, structure, and mineralization of your target area before you drill or sample. But what are the best geology survey tools to use for this purpose? In this article, we will discuss some of the most common and effective methods and instruments that can help you achieve your exploration goals.

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Subham Roy

Assistant General Manager - Geology & Mine Planning in Hindalco Industries Ltd||Ex HZL(Vedanta)|| Exploration|Resource…
Guilherme Freitas

Diretor Técnico na Geocontrole Brasil | Geotecnia | Geologia de Engenharia | Pesquisa e Explora??o Mineral | DSc…
Narayan Pramanik

Head Exploration Copper Block

1 Remote Sensing

Remote sensing is the use of satellite, aerial, or ground-based sensors to collect data about the surface and subsurface features of the earth. This technology can provide valuable information about the topography, geology, vegetation, hydrology, and mineral potential of your exploration area. You can use optical imagery to identify rock types, faults, fractures, alteration zones, and mineral deposits based on their color, texture, and spectral signatures. Radar imagery uses radio waves to penetrate the surface and detect changes in the subsurface structure and moisture content. It can help you map geological structures, lithological boundaries, and subsurface anomalies that may indicate mineralization. Hyperspectral imagery measures the reflectance of the earth's surface across a wide range of wavelengths from visible to shortwave infrared. It can help you identify specific minerals and alteration products based on their distinctive spectral features.

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Waseem Hassan

Geologist
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for mineral exploration besides having basic geological tools, the most important tool is having field portable XRF. by using XRF we can have a rough idea about the mineral present

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2 Geophysical Surveys

Geophysical surveys are the measurement of the physical properties of the earth, such as gravity, magnetism, electricity, and radioactivity. These surveys can help you detect and characterize mineral deposits that have different physical characteristics than the surrounding rocks. For example, gravity surveys measure variations in the gravitational field of the earth caused by differences in rock and mineral density and can help you locate dense ore bodies. Magnetic surveys measure variations in the magnetic field of the earth caused by differences in magnetization of rocks and minerals, which can help you locate magnetic ore bodies. Electrical surveys measure variations in electrical conductivity or resistivity of rocks and minerals and can help you locate conductive ore bodies. Radiometric surveys measure variations in natural or induced radioactivity of rocks and minerals and can help you locate radioactive ore bodies. All these geophysical surveys provide valuable insights into mineral deposits and geological structures.

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3 Geochemical Surveys

Geochemical surveys are the analysis of the chemical composition of rocks, soils, sediments, water, or vegetation to detect the presence and distribution of elements and compounds that are associated with mineralization. Such surveys can help identify the type, source, and extent of mineralization, as well as the degree of weathering and leaching. There are several types of geochemical surveys you can use, such as rock geochemistry which involves collecting and analyzing rock samples from outcrops to determine mineralogy and petrology; soil geochemistry which involves collecting and analyzing soil samples from the surface or near-surface layers to detect dispersion; stream sediment geochemistry which involves collecting and analyzing sediment samples from streams to trace transport; water geochemistry which involves collecting and analyzing water samples from springs to monitor solubility; and biogeochemistry which involves collecting and analyzing plant or animal samples from the surface or near-surface environment to assess uptake.

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4 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?

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Subham Roy

Assistant General Manager - Geology & Mine Planning in Hindalco Industries Ltd||Ex HZL(Vedanta)|| Exploration|Resource modelling| Mine Planning | Digitalisation| Techno commercial due diligence| Project Management
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To optimize mineral exploration, essential geological survey tools include seismic surveys for subsurface imaging, magnetometers for detecting magnetic anomalies, geochemical sampling tools to analyze soil and rock compositions, and ground-penetrating radar for detailed subsurface mapping. Integrating these tools enables a comprehensive understanding of the geological landscape, enhancing the efficiency and accuracy of mineral exploration efforts. Eventually, exploration drilling, followed by the Assay analysis is required.

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Guilherme Freitas

Diretor Técnico na Geocontrole Brasil | Geotecnia | Geologia de Engenharia | Pesquisa e Explora??o Mineral | DSc Student at UFOP
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Um projeto de explora??o mineral deve contar indispensavelmente com uma campanha de sondagens geológicas. A sondagem rotativa diamantada com a recupera??o integral de testemunhos é a principal ferramenta de investiga??o e amostragem de solos e rochas em profundidade. A partir de uma campanha de sondagem rotativa diamantada é possível se caracterizar as litolgias em profundidade, o que permita e identifica??o das espessuras das camadas mineralizadas, assim como, a retira de amostras para ensaios em laboratório. Há muitos métodos de sondagem rotativa diamantada. Atualmente a evolu??o tecnológica ocasionou a inven??o de implementos na sondagem que a tornam mais segura e confiável, automatizada e sustentável, no caso, a Sondagem 5.0.

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Narayan Pramanik

Head Exploration Copper Block
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Although there are several other tools available for mineral exploration, drilling is the most important part before going to mine. I would suggest the detailed and close analysis of the samples which we get from the core.

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Abdelbagi Ahmed

Ministry of Petroleum&Gas
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Geological surface survey for example track the ancient streams and collect some rock samples for more investigations;this step let you go straight ahead in right way and minimize your goal of interested area if you looking for gold minerals!

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Boris Kotlyar

Chief Geologist, Global Exploration at Centerra Gold, Inc., retired
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Mineral Exploration, at any stage from recon to brownfield, should include three components and this particular order: 1. Geological basics (respective scale geology and general geological setting) 2. Exploration model(s) of respective mineral(s) 3. Exploration tool-box So, selection of applicable and preferable exploration methods, i.e., tool-box, comes third and without first two is irrelevant.

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You're planning a mineral exploration. What geology survey tools do you need to get the best results?

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1 Remote Sensing

2 Geophysical Surveys

3 Geochemical Surveys

4 Here’s what else to consider

Geology

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