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You’re looking to improve your geophysical data processing. What software tools should you use?

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Geophysical data processing is a crucial step in geology, as it allows you to transform raw data from various sources into meaningful images and models of the subsurface. However, it can also be challenging, time-consuming, and expensive, especially if you don't have the right software tools to handle the complexity and diversity of geophysical data. In this article, we'll introduce you to some of the software tools that can help you improve your geophysical data processing, whether you're working with seismic, gravity, magnetic, or electromagnetic data.

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Guy C. Holmes

Mass Data Liberation Global Expert | Unlocking Datasets for the use in AI and LLM's | Reducing Companies’ Reliance on…
Zain Ul-Abdin

Project Engineer | Geotechnical Engineer | Tunnel Design Engineer
Wesam Elboaishi

Geophysical coordinator at Sarir Oil Operations B.V. Libya Branch

1 Data formats and conversions

When dealing with geophysical data, one of the first challenges you may encounter is the range of data formats and standards. To convert your data, merge or split files, or apply quality control checks, you'll need software tools that can read and write different data formats like SEG-Y, SEGD, SEG-2, ASCII, or HDF5. Examples of such tools include Seismic Unix (a free, open-source collection of command-line programs for seismic data processing and analysis), ObsPy (a Python library for seismology that can read and write many data formats and perform various operations on seismic data), and Geosoft Oasis Montaj (a commercial software for geoscience data processing and analysis that can handle various geophysical data types and formats).

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Guy C. Holmes

Mass Data Liberation Global Expert | Unlocking Datasets for the use in AI and LLM's | Reducing Companies’ Reliance on Legacy Tape Drives | Liberating Enterprises from Tape Storage Constraints
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It will come on tape or HDD - get it into the cloud. Deploy a kubernets cluster to handle mass data manipulation. SLB etc have tools that work in the cloud, at scale to handle these formats. Liberatrion and access come first, processing second.

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Zain Ul-Abdin

Project Engineer | Geotechnical Engineer | Tunnel Design Engineer
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Depending on your specific needs, there are numerous tools available. Seismic Data Processing ? SeisWare, Paradigm, Petrel (Schlumberger), Kingdom Gravitational and Magnetic Data Processing ? Oasis montaj (Seequent), GM-SYS (Geosoft): Electrical and Electromagnetic Data Processing ? RES2DINV and RES3DINV (Geotomo Software), Maxwell (Ansys) General Geophysical Data Processing ? MATLAB and Python, QGIS, GMT (Generic Mapping Tools)

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Wesam Elboaishi

Geophysical coordinator at Sarir Oil Operations B.V. Libya Branch
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In terms of seismic processing, the software encompasses essential processing modules that incorporate various tools for tasks such as noise removal, deconvolution, velocity analysis, migration, and more. These modules are designed to adequately support our processing flow chart. However, the integration of more advanced flowcharts would greatly enhance the benefits of image processing.

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Roy Aurelio Metin

Sr. Geotechnical Engr.
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Acquisition of geophysical data in the field is the main objective of geophysical survey. Geophysical data is used mainly in mineral & mineraloid exploration, engineering geology & environmental geology applications. It can be applied also in different goals and scientific perspectives. Here are the common units of data to be converted as unit of information using computer system. ? Magnetic data - tesla, gauss, amperes per meter ? Gravity data - milligals or 1K of 1cm/second square ? GPR or Electromagnetic data - megahertz, millisiemens per meter, dimensionless, decibels ? Seismic data - surface wave magnitude, hertz ? Radiometric data or Gamma ray spectroscopy data - mega electrovolts

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2 Data visualization and QC

When processing geophysical data, it's important to be able to visualize and inspect the data in both 2D and 3D. This can help you identify and fix errors, anomalies, or artifacts, as well as explore and interpret the subsurface features and structures. You'll need software tools that can display your data differently, such as maps, profiles, sections, slices, or volumes. Additionally, you should look for software that allows you to interact with your data by zooming, panning, rotating, or filtering. QGIS is a free open-source GIS that can display and manipulate various types of spatial data; ParaView is a free open-source application for scientific visualization; and Petrel is a commercial software for integrated subsurface modeling and analysis. All of these can help you with data visualization and quality control.

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Roy Aurelio Metin

Sr. Geotechnical Engr.
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Data visualization using computer system has time and effort needs. Integration of different kinds of digital data (from recovery or extracted data) must be compatible and suitable to computer system (e.g. GIS, MatLab, etc.) being used. It is important to visualize your data to the objective of geophysical survey with clarity.

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3 Data processing and analysis

The core of geophysical data processing involves applying various algorithms and methods to enhance, reduce, transform, or invert data. Depending on the type and purpose of the data, a range of operations may need to be performed, such as filtering, deconvolution, migration, gridding, interpolation, or inversion. Therefore, it is necessary to have software tools that can implement these operations efficiently and accurately. Additionally, it is beneficial for these tools to allow customization and optimization of parameters and settings for specific data. Examples of software tools that can help with data processing and analysis include Madagascar - a free, open-source software package for multidimensional data analysis and reproducible computational experiments - GM-SYS - a commercial software for gravity and magnetic modeling and inversion - and EMagPy - a free, open-source Python package for electromagnetic data processing and inversion.

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Roy Aurelio Metin

Sr. Geotechnical Engr.
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Data processing of geophysical data has needs for spectrum analysis. It is an analysis to show distribution as a function of frequency as a spatial data. Acquisition and processing of geophysical data must provide information on the physical properties of the earth's surface and subsurface by geophysical survey.

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4 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?

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You’re looking to improve your geophysical data processing. What software tools should you use?

1

2

3

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1 Data formats and conversions

2 Data visualization and QC

3 Data processing and analysis

4 Here’s what else to consider

Geology

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