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What are the top IAM technologies to master in Information Security?

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Identity and access management (IAM) is a crucial aspect of information security, as it ensures that the right people have the right access to the right resources at the right time. IAM technologies enable organizations to manage user identities, credentials, permissions, roles, and policies across different systems and applications. As an information security professional, mastering some of the top IAM technologies can help you advance your career and improve your skills. Here are some of the IAM technologies that you should consider learning in 2021.

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1 Single sign-on (SSO)

SSO is a technology that allows users to log in to multiple applications or systems with one set of credentials, instead of having to remember and enter different usernames and passwords for each one. SSO simplifies the user experience, reduces the risk of password compromise, and streamlines the authentication process. SSO can be implemented using various standards and protocols, such as SAML, OAuth, OpenID Connect, and Kerberos. Learning how to configure, integrate, and troubleshoot SSO solutions can help you enhance the security and usability of your organization's systems and applications.

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Sheetal Patel

Manager, Lead - Cybersecurity || CompTIA Security+, CySA+ Certified || Cyber Security
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In the Digital era, people are using multiple software/tools for their personal as well as professional reasons. Each software have their own authentication methods and credentials. It becomes difficult for a human to remember these credentials. To overcome this, we generally use easy to crack passwords or save them all in a notepad/sheets in plain text. This become a risk factor. SSO technology not only address this risk but also reduces time consumption in authentication as a single ID password is used.

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2 Multi-factor authentication (MFA)

MFA is a technology that adds an extra layer of security to the authentication process, by requiring users to provide more than one factor of verification, such as something they know (e.g., password), something they have (e.g., token), or something they are (e.g., biometric). MFA can prevent unauthorized access, even if a user's password is stolen or compromised, by requiring a second or third factor that is harder to obtain or spoof. MFA can be implemented using various methods and devices, such as SMS, email, phone call, mobile app, smart card, or fingerprint scanner. Learning how to deploy, manage, and audit MFA solutions can help you protect your organization's data and assets from cyberattacks.

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Sheetal Patel

Manager, Lead - Cybersecurity || CompTIA Security+, CySA+ Certified || Cyber Security
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Just like having an ID password to access something is a security measure we take to secure our data, MFA is an add-on or a level up security measure. People tend to save the passwords in plain text, which if leaked, can allow intruder to cause theft. To enhance security in such cases, MFA technology can overcome the issue as intruder will not have access to the 2nd authentication factor after password.

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3 Privileged access management (PAM)

PAM is a technology that controls and monitors the access of privileged users, such as administrators, executives, or service accounts, to sensitive or critical resources, such as servers, databases, or applications. PAM can limit the scope, duration, and frequency of privileged access, enforce the principle of least privilege, record and audit privileged activities, and detect and respond to anomalous or malicious behavior. PAM can be implemented using various tools and techniques, such as password vaults, session managers, role-based access control, or behavioral analytics. Learning how to implement, operate, and review PAM solutions can help you reduce the risk of insider threats, data breaches, or compliance violations.

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Sheetal Patel

Manager, Lead - Cybersecurity || CompTIA Security+, CySA+ Certified || Cyber Security
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One of the method to implement PAM technology is to implement password vaults. Integrating a vault makes password management easier as well as secure. It also supports Multifactor authentication and secure storage of passwords. In case of attacks, passwords would still remain safe.

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4 Identity governance and administration (IGA)

IGA is a technology that automates and streamlines the processes of identity lifecycle management, access request and approval, access certification and review, and role and policy management. IGA can help organizations to create, modify, disable, or delete user accounts and access rights across different systems and applications, based on predefined rules, workflows, and schedules. IGA can also help organizations to verify and validate the appropriateness and effectiveness of access policies and roles, and to identify and remediate any access issues or violations. Learning how to design, implement, and optimize IGA solutions can help you improve the efficiency and accuracy of your organization's IAM operations.

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5 Federated identity management (FIM)

FIM is a technology that enables users to access resources from different domains or organizations, using their existing identity and credentials, without having to create or maintain multiple accounts or passwords. FIM can facilitate the collaboration and integration of systems and applications across different entities, such as business partners, customers, or suppliers, while maintaining the security and privacy of user data and access. FIM can be implemented using various standards and protocols, such as SAML, OAuth, OpenID Connect, or WS-Federation. Learning how to establish, configure, and maintain FIM solutions can help you support the interoperability and scalability of your organization's systems and applications.

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6 Decentralized identity management (DIM)

DIM is a technology that empowers users to create and manage their own digital identities, without relying on a central authority or intermediary, such as a service provider or an identity provider. DIM can leverage blockchain, distributed ledger, or peer-to-peer technologies to enable users to store, control, and share their identity data and credentials, using cryptographic methods, such as public-key encryption or digital signatures. DIM can offer users more autonomy, privacy, and security over their online identities and transactions, while reducing the costs and risks of identity theft, fraud, or data breaches. Learning how to understand, use, and develop DIM solutions can help you explore the potential and challenges of the emerging field of self-sovereign identity.

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7 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?

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Nick Lasenko, CISSP, CISA

Cybersecurity & Privacy Practitioner ? Critical Infra ? AI ? IAM ? Data Gov ? TPRM ? Vuln Mgt ? Architecture
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Technologies => Governance Concepts These are important IAM governance concepts to understand well. Very important to understand these, and be able at a moments notice to reach into key standards (e.g. NIST 800-63) for additional information. There are multiple tools to supports these, but the approach should be business requirements and governance-first, not tools-first.

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What are the top IAM technologies to master in Information Security?

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

1 Single sign-on (SSO)

2 Multi-factor authentication (MFA)

3 Privileged access management (PAM)

4 Identity governance and administration (IGA)

5 Federated identity management (FIM)

6 Decentralized identity management (DIM)

7 Here’s what else to consider

Information Security

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What are the top IAM technologies to master in Information Security?

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

1 Single sign-on (SSO)

2 Multi-factor authentication (MFA)

3 Privileged access management (PAM)

4 Identity governance and administration (IGA)

5 Federated identity management (FIM)

6 Decentralized identity management (DIM)

7 Here’s what else to consider

Information Security

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