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Last updated on 2024年9月11日

What are the steps to take when responding to an aviation emergency?

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No one wants to face an aviation emergency, but if you do, you need to know how to react quickly and effectively. In this article, you will learn the basic steps to take when responding to an aviation emergency, whether you are a pilot, a crew member, or a passenger. These steps can help you minimize the risk of injury, damage, or loss of life in a critical situation.

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1 Assess the situation

The first step to take when responding to an aviation emergency is to assess the situation. You need to identify the nature, severity, and location of the problem, and how it affects the aircraft's performance, systems, and environment. You also need to determine the best course of action, depending on the available resources, procedures, and regulations. For example, you may need to declare an emergency, communicate with air traffic control, divert to a suitable airport, or prepare for a forced landing.

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2 Follow the checklist

The second step to take when responding to an aviation emergency is to follow the checklist. The checklist is a set of instructions that guide you through the specific actions to take for different types of emergencies, such as engine failure, fire, electrical failure, or decompression. The checklist is designed to help you manage the emergency in a systematic and logical way, and to avoid forgetting or skipping any important steps. You should always have the checklist handy and familiarize yourself with it before each flight.

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Andrew La Belle

Certified Flight Instructor | Certified Flight Instructor Instrument
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Checklist are a vital tool that every pilot can rely on during an emergency. However, memory or immediate action items are crucial. Not all emergencies will allow a pilot to pull out the check list. An engine failure after takeoff, or loss of one engine in a piston twin aircraft should be ingrained in the head of every pilot to promote flight safety.

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Mark Leevers

Operations Duty Officer, Volunteer SAR Pilot
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This may be a bit outside the normal thinking, however, I have never encountered two emergencies that are exactly the same. Checklists are very specific. They deal with very well defined emergencies. Emergencies are never very well defined. Not every checklist is going cover every aspect of a particular emergency. I personally approach an emergency situation with a process, once the true nature of the emergency is assessed, the potential impacts identified, the correct procedures can chosen from the lists to deal with the emergency.

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3 Maintain situational awareness

The third step to take when responding to an aviation emergency is to maintain situational awareness. Situational awareness is the ability to perceive and understand what is happening around you, and to anticipate what may happen next. It is essential for making good decisions and avoiding errors in an emergency. You can maintain situational awareness by constantly scanning the instruments, the outside environment, and the other occupants of the aircraft, and by updating your mental model of the situation.

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4 Prioritize tasks

The fourth step to take when responding to an aviation emergency is to prioritize tasks. You may have to deal with multiple issues and demands in a short time, and you need to allocate your attention and resources accordingly. You should always remember the basic order of priorities: aviate, navigate, communicate. This means that you should first focus on flying the aircraft safely, then on finding a suitable destination or route, and then on communicating with the relevant parties.

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5 Manage stress

The fifth step to take when responding to an aviation emergency is to manage stress. Stress is a natural and inevitable response to a challenging or threatening situation, and it can affect your physical, mental, and emotional state. Stress can impair your judgment, memory, attention, and performance, and make you more prone to errors and accidents. You can manage stress by using coping strategies, such as breathing exercises, positive self-talk, relaxation techniques, or seeking support from others.

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Utkarsh Saraswat

Flight Analyst - Air India || Vistara || Ex Infosys II MBA Aviation Management UPES
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Stress management is the key to tackle emergency situations. Because you always do wrong when you are in a panic situation. Thus, stress management opens you up to get ideas in order resolve the panic situation.

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6 Learn from the experience

The sixth and final step to take when responding to an aviation emergency is to learn from the experience. An aviation emergency can be a traumatic and stressful event, but it can also be an opportunity for learning and improvement. You should always review and analyze what happened, what you did well, what you did wrong, and what you can do better in the future. You should also seek feedback, advice, and guidance from experts, instructors, or peers, and apply the lessons learned to your future flights.

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Mark Leevers

Operations Duty Officer, Volunteer SAR Pilot
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A 'hot debrief' as soon as possible after the event is a very good method of putting things in perspective. Constructing a time line of events and decisions will help highlight learning opportunities while they are still fresh in your mind. Putting the events in perspective is also a good method of dealing with the mental trauma that follows an emergency event.

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7 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?

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Mohammad Kabiru Alkali

Aviation Safety
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In responding to an aviation emergency, maintaining control is crucial. Declare the emergency to ATC, following the checklist and briefing the crew. Consider diversion to a suitable airport and notify emergency services. Use available emergency equipment and communicate with passengers to ensure their safety. If evacuation is necessary, follow procedures. Cooperate with emergency services upon landing, providing accurate information. Complete post-emergency reports to facilitate investigation. Note that procedures may vary according to legislation, emphasizing the importance of familiarity with specific regulatory requirements. Staying calm and systematic in these steps ensures a coordinated and effective response to aviation emergencies.

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What are the steps to take when responding to an aviation emergency?

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1 Assess the situation

2 Follow the checklist

3 Maintain situational awareness

4 Prioritize tasks

5 Manage stress

6 Learn from the experience

7 Here’s what else to consider

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