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What are the steps to optimize your project schedule with CPM?

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Optimizing your project schedule is crucial for delivering your project on time, within budget, and with quality. One of the most widely used tools for project scheduling is the critical path method (CPM), which helps you identify the longest sequence of tasks that determines the project duration. By applying CPM, you can also find out which tasks have some flexibility in their start and finish dates, and which ones are critical and must not be delayed. In this article, you will learn the steps to optimize your project schedule with CPM.

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Izhar Ali Leghari

World Bank Group Certified Procurement & contract management professional | officially CIPS Certified|

1 Define the project scope

The first step is to define the project scope, which is the set of deliverables, requirements, and objectives that your project aims to achieve. The project scope will help you establish the boundaries and expectations of your project, as well as the resources and constraints that affect it. You can use tools such as the project charter, the scope statement, and the work breakdown structure (WBS) to document and communicate the project scope.

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2 Identify the project activities

The next step is to identify the project activities, which are the specific tasks that need to be performed to produce the project deliverables. You can use the WBS as a basis to list all the project activities, and assign them to the responsible team members or groups. You can also use tools such as the activity list, the activity attributes, and the milestone list to describe and categorize the project activities.

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Paco Lorente

Marketing Manager ESIC Business School | Finalista Premios Día Internet 2024 | Profesor de postgrado | Colaborador en prensa y TV | Libros "EGOLOGY" y "Los 7 pecados laterales"
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Basing task lists on OKR models is a very effective way to measure results, but also the path to their achievement. In this way, improvements or deviations can be detected during the process.

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3 Estimate the activity durations

The third step is to estimate the activity durations, which are the expected time periods that each project activity will take to complete. You can use various techniques to estimate the activity durations, such as expert judgment, analogous estimation, parametric estimation, or three-point estimation. You should also consider the factors that influence the activity durations, such as the availability and skills of the resources, the dependencies and risks of the activities, and the quality standards and assumptions of the project.

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Izhar Ali Leghari

World Bank Group Certified Procurement & contract management professional | officially CIPS Certified|
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Estimating the duration accurately is the most difficult task because very rarely you will be able to predict the correct duration of activities specially in projects with complex and wider scope, this usually happens due to number of risks involved in such projects, However, this difficulty can be overcome by being proactive meaning that you have to develop a comprehensive Risk Management Plan, knowing your risks that can create delays in your projects is the key to the success of any project.

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4 Sequence the project activities

The fourth step is to sequence the project activities, which means to determine the logical order and relationships among them. You can use tools such as the network diagram, the precedence diagram method (PDM), or the arrow diagram method (ADM) to illustrate how the project activities are linked and depend on each other. You should also identify the types of dependencies, such as mandatory, discretionary, external, or internal, and apply leads or lags to adjust the timing of the activities.

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5 Calculate the critical path

The fifth step is to calculate the critical path, which is the longest path of dependent activities that determines the project duration. You can use tools such as the critical path method (CPM), the program evaluation and review technique (PERT), or the critical chain method (CCM) to calculate the critical path. You should also calculate the early and late start and finish dates, and the float or slack of each activity. The activities that have zero float or slack are considered critical, and any delay in them will affect the project completion date.

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6 Optimize the project schedule

The final step is to optimize the project schedule, which means to adjust and refine it to meet the project objectives and constraints. You can use various techniques to optimize the project schedule, such as crashing, fast tracking, resource leveling, or resource smoothing. You should also monitor and control the project schedule throughout the project execution, and update it as needed to reflect any changes or issues that arise.

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7 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?

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What are the steps to optimize your project schedule with CPM?

1

2

3

4

5

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7

1 Define the project scope

2 Identify the project activities

3 Estimate the activity durations

4 Sequence the project activities

5 Calculate the critical path

6 Optimize the project schedule

7 Here’s what else to consider

Project Management

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What are the steps to optimize your project schedule with CPM?

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

1 Define the project scope

2 Identify the project activities

3 Estimate the activity durations

4 Sequence the project activities

5 Calculate the critical path

6 Optimize the project schedule

7 Here’s what else to consider

Project Management

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