What are the steps to effective problem solving?

1 Define the problem

The first step to effective problem solving is to clearly define the problem you are trying to solve. This means stating the current situation, the desired situation, and the gap between them. You also need to identify the root causes, the stakeholders, and the criteria for success. A well-defined problem will help you focus your efforts and avoid wasting time and resources on irrelevant or superficial issues. You can use tools such as problem statements, fishbone diagrams, or 5 whys to help you define the problem.

2 Generate alternatives

The second step to effective problem solving is to generate as many possible solutions as you can. This means brainstorming, researching, and exploring different options without judging or filtering them. The goal is to be creative and diverse, and to avoid jumping to conclusions or settling for the first idea that comes to mind. You can use tools such as mind maps, SWOT analysis, or SCAMPER to help you generate alternatives.

3 Evaluate alternatives

The third step to effective problem solving is to evaluate the alternatives you have generated and select the best one. This means comparing and ranking the options based on their feasibility, effectiveness, and impact. You also need to consider the pros and cons, the risks and assumptions, and the trade-offs and implications of each option. You can use tools such as decision matrices, cost-benefit analysis, or force field analysis to help you evaluate alternatives.

4 Plan the implementation

The fourth step to effective problem solving is to plan how you will implement the chosen solution. This means defining the actions, resources, and timelines needed to execute the solution. You also need to assign roles and responsibilities, communicate the plan to the relevant stakeholders, and anticipate potential obstacles or challenges. You can use tools such as action plans, Gantt charts, or RACI matrices to help you plan the implementation.

5 Execute the solution

The fifth step to effective problem solving is to execute the solution according to the plan. This means following the actions, monitoring the progress, and adjusting the plan if needed. You also need to collaborate with the stakeholders, manage the risks and issues, and document the results and learnings. You can use tools such as checklists, dashboards, or feedback loops to help you execute the solution.

6 Review the outcome

The sixth and final step to effective problem solving is to review the outcome of the solution and evaluate its performance. This means measuring the results, comparing them to the criteria for success, and identifying the gaps or deviations. You also need to analyze the causes, effects, and lessons of the outcome, and celebrate the achievements or address the shortcomings. You can use tools such as KPIs, surveys, or after-action reviews to help you review the outcome.

7 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?