System testing involves testing the system as a whole, including its functionality, performance, reliability, security, usability, and compatibility. This means that system testing has to cover a wide range of scenarios, inputs, outputs, and interactions. Moreover, system testing has to deal with the complexity of the system architecture, the integration of various components, and the dependencies on external systems or resources. These factors can make system testing difficult to plan, execute, and manage, and can increase the risk of errors, defects, or failures.
To address this challenge, system testing should be based on a clear and comprehensive test plan that defines the scope, objectives, criteria, and methods of testing. The test plan should also identify the test cases, test data, test environment, and test tools that are needed for system testing. Additionally, system testing should be aligned with the requirements and specifications, and should use traceability matrices to ensure that all the requirements are covered and verified by the test cases.