What are some examples of non-linear narrative structures used in animation?

1 Reverse Chronology

Reverse chronology is a narrative structure that tells the story backwards, from the end to the beginning. This can create suspense, irony, or surprise, as the audience learns the reasons and motivations behind the events that have already happened. A famous example of reverse chronology in animation is the Pixar short film Presto, which shows the escalating conflict between a magician and his rabbit during a performance. The film begins with the final act, where the rabbit is about to bite the magician's finger, and then rewinds to show how the situation started and escalated.

2 In Medias Res

In medias res is a narrative structure that begins in the middle of the action, and then fills in the background information later. This can create curiosity, intrigue, or confusion, as the audience is thrown into a situation without knowing the context or the outcome. A famous example of in medias res in animation is the Disney film The Lion King, which opens with the iconic scene of Simba's presentation to the animals of the Pride Lands, and then flashes back to show his birth and his relationship with his father Mufasa.

3 Non-Linear Montage

Non-linear montage is a narrative structure that uses rapid cuts and transitions between different scenes, times, or locations, creating a collage of images and sounds. This can create contrast, comparison, or connection, as the audience is exposed to different aspects of the story or the characters. A famous example of non-linear montage in animation is the opening sequence of the Pixar film Up, which shows the life story of Carl and Ellie, from their childhood to their old age, in a series of emotional and poignant moments.

4 Rashomon Effect

Rashomon effect is a narrative structure that shows the same event from different perspectives, revealing the subjective and contradictory nature of truth and memory. This can create doubt, ambiguity, or empathy, as the audience is challenged to question their own assumptions and judgments. A famous example of Rashomon effect in animation is the DreamWorks film Kung Fu Panda 2, which shows the backstory of the villain Lord Shen, from his own point of view, from Po's point of view, and from his parents' point of view.

5 Recursive Loop

Recursive loop is a narrative structure that shows a repeating cycle of events, with variations or changes each time. This can create humor, horror, or insight, as the audience is entertained or disturbed by the repetition and the difference. A famous example of recursive loop in animation is the Netflix series The Midnight Gospel, which follows the adventures of Clancy, a spacecaster who travels to different worlds and interviews various beings, while the worlds are undergoing apocalyptic scenarios.

6 Non-Linear Narrative Structures in Animation

These are just some of the examples of non-linear narrative structures used in animation, but there are many more. Animation is a versatile and expressive medium that can experiment with different ways of telling stories, and create unique and memorable experiences for the audience. Non-linear narrative structures can enhance the themes and messages of the stories, and invite the audience to participate in the meaning-making process.

7 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?