What are some effective ways to provide constructive feedback to physicians?

1 Why feedback matters

Feedback is an essential component of learning and improvement in any profession, but especially in health care, where mistakes can have serious consequences. Feedback can help physicians identify their strengths and areas for improvement, enhance their clinical skills and knowledge, and foster a culture of continuous learning and excellence. Feedback can also strengthen the relationship between nurses and physicians, by building trust, respect, and mutual understanding.

2 When to give feedback

The timing of feedback is important, as it can affect how the feedback is received and acted upon. Ideally, feedback should be given as soon as possible after the observed behavior or performance, while the memory is fresh and the details are clear. However, feedback should also be given at an appropriate time and place, where there is privacy, minimal distractions, and enough time for a meaningful conversation. Feedback should also be given regularly and consistently, not just when there is a problem or a crisis.

3 How to give feedback

Giving feedback effectively can have a big impact on how it is received by a physician. Start with a positive, such as acknowledging something they did well or expressing appreciation for their work. Be specific and objective, using concrete examples and data, and avoid vague or general statements. The sandwich method is a useful technique for giving constructive feedback, where you place negative or corrective feedback between two positive or supportive feedbacks. Ask the physician for their self-assessment before giving your feedback to understand their point of view. Additionally, provide suggestions and resources to help them improve their behavior or performance, such as guidelines, policies, protocols, courses, mentors, or peers. Encourage them to set goals and action plans, and offer to follow up or monitor their progress.

4 How to receive feedback

Giving feedback is only one part of the feedback process; receiving feedback can be challenging, but it is an opportunity to learn and grow. To receive feedback gracefully, listen actively by paying attention and listening carefully without interrupting, arguing, or dismissing. Show gratitude by thanking the person and acknowledging their time and effort. Reflect on the feedback to evaluate its validity, relevance, and usefulness; identify the key points and messages, and decide what actions you will take to address the feedback. Additionally, set goals and plans for improvement, seek additional feedback or support if needed, and monitor your progress and outcomes.

5 How to create a feedback culture

Feedback is not a one-time event, but an ongoing process that requires a supportive environment. Creating a feedback culture in your workplace can help promote a positive and productive feedback exchange among nurses and physicians, and enhance the quality of care and patient outcomes. As a nurse, you can set an example by giving and receiving feedback regularly and effectively, as well as encouraging feedback from others. It is also important to establish clear and consistent norms and expectations for feedback, such as when, how, and why feedback should be given and received. Additionally, various opportunities and channels for feedback should be created, such as formal meetings, rounds, peer reviews, or online platforms. Moreover, different types and sources of feedback like self-feedback or patient feedback should be used.

6 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?