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What are some of the best prototyping tools or methods for testing accessibility?

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Accessibility is a crucial aspect of user interface design, as it ensures that your product can be used by people with diverse abilities and preferences. However, testing accessibility can be challenging, especially if you don't have access to real users or assistive technologies. That's why prototyping tools or methods that can simulate or evaluate accessibility issues are valuable for UI designers. In this article, we will explore some of the best prototyping tools or methods for testing accessibility, and how they can help you create more inclusive and user-friendly interfaces.

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Rosemarie G.

Product Owner / Product Designer / UX Researcher based in Mataró, Spain
Santiago B.

Senior Frontend Engineer?? at Accenture | MSc | Angular | JavaScript | Scrum Master | Azure x2 | AWS | PMI Ready? |…

1 Screen reader testing

One of the most common and important accessibility tests is to check how your interface works with screen readers, which are software applications that read out loud the content and functionality of a web page or app. Screen readers can help people who are blind, visually impaired, or have cognitive or learning disabilities to interact with your UI. To test your prototype with a screen reader, you can use tools like NVDA, JAWS, or VoiceOver, which are available for different operating systems and browsers. You can also use browser extensions like ChromeVox or Firefox Accessibility Inspector to simulate screen reader behavior. When testing your prototype with a screen reader, you should pay attention to how the content is structured, labeled, and ordered, and how the navigation and feedback are provided.

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Rosemarie G.

Product Owner / Product Designer / UX Researcher based in Mataró, Spain
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Aquí hay algunas herramientas y métodos de creación de prototipos que son útiles para probar la accesibilidad:1.Figma;2.Adobe XD;3.Axure RP;4.InVision;5.Axe Accessibility Checker; 6.UserTesting;7.VoiceOver (iOS) y TalkBack (Android);8.WAVE (Web Accessibility Evaluation Tool);9.Contrast (para desarrollo web);10.Evaluaciones manuales:Esto incluye comprobar la navegación con teclado, etiquetas adecuadas, semántica HTML correcta, etc.

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Santiago B.

Senior Frontend Engineer?? at Accenture | MSc | Angular | JavaScript | Scrum Master | Azure x2 | AWS | PMI Ready? | GenAI
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A great option for evaluating accessibility in web applications is Lighthouse. You can also try "axe Accessibility Checker" or "Wave Evaluation Tool" which are also extensions for Chrome.

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Emilio Sosa Estrada

Research manager, design and foresight researcher and faculty member
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One important think to consider when testing is the diversity of assistive technology. When sampling users, finding people that use different technologies can give you perspective of different ways of navigation and how your product respond to different screen readers and their specific commands and navigation styles.

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Rizwan Kabir Khan

UX/UI Designer | Expert in Figma & Prototyping | Creating Engaging Digital Experiences | User-Centered Design Specialist | Mobile & Web Design
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Hey, for testing accessibility in prototypes, go for tools like Axure, Figma, or Adobe XD. They let you simulate screen readers and check color contrasts. Also, manual testing with real users, especially those with diverse abilities, is crucial for a comprehensive assessment.

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2 Keyboard testing

Another essential accessibility test is to check how your interface works with keyboard input, which is the primary or preferred way of interaction for many users, especially those who have motor or dexterity impairments, or who use alternative input devices like switches or joysticks. Keyboard testing can help you identify and fix issues with focus, tab order, keyboard shortcuts, and skip links. To test your prototype with keyboard input, you can use the built-in keyboard of your device, or tools like Keyboard Tester or WebAIM Keyboard Accessibility to simulate different keyboard scenarios. When testing your prototype with keyboard input, you should ensure that all elements and functions are keyboard-accessible, visible, and consistent.

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Rizwan Kabir Khan

UX/UI Designer | Expert in Figma & Prototyping | Creating Engaging Digital Experiences | User-Centered Design Specialist | Mobile & Web Design
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Hey, for keyboard testing in prototypes, make sure to tab through the interface. Use tools like Axe Accessibility or browser DevTools to inspect focus states. It's crucial for ensuring a seamless experience for users who rely on keyboard navigation.

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3 Color contrast testing

Color contrast is another important factor for accessibility, as it affects how well users can perceive and distinguish the visual elements of your interface, such as text, icons, buttons, and images. Color contrast can affect users who have color vision deficiencies, low vision, or environmental factors that reduce visibility. Color contrast testing can help you verify and adjust the contrast ratio between the foreground and background colors of your UI, and avoid using color alone to convey meaning or information. To test your prototype for color contrast, you can use tools like WebAIM Color Contrast Checker, Contrast Ratio, or Color Oracle, which can measure, compare, and simulate different color contrast situations. When testing your prototype for color contrast, you should follow the WCAG 2.1 guidelines for minimum and enhanced contrast levels.

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Rizwan Kabir Khan

UX/UI Designer | Expert in Figma & Prototyping | Creating Engaging Digital Experiences | User-Centered Design Specialist | Mobile & Web Design
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When checking color contrast in designs, tools like WebAIM's Contrast Checker or Color Contrast Analyzer by The Paciello Group are handy. They help ensure your color choices meet accessibility standards, making content readable for everyone.

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4 Accessibility audit

An accessibility audit is a comprehensive and systematic evaluation of your interface's compliance with the accessibility standards and best practices, such as the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) or the Section 508 standards. An accessibility audit can help you identify and prioritize the accessibility issues and opportunities in your prototype, and provide recommendations and solutions for improvement. To perform an accessibility audit on your prototype, you can use tools like WAVE, axe, or Lighthouse, which can scan your web page or app and generate reports on the accessibility errors, warnings, and suggestions. You can also use tools like Accessibility Insights or ANDI, which can help you manually inspect and test specific elements or features of your UI.

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Rizwan Kabir Khan

UX/UI Designer | Expert in Figma & Prototyping | Creating Engaging Digital Experiences | User-Centered Design Specialist | Mobile & Web Design
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For a thorough accessibility audit, consider using automated tools like Axe or WAVE, combined with manual testing. Assess navigation with a keyboard, check for proper headings and labels, and ensure alternative text for images. Engage real users with diverse abilities for valuable insights into the user experience.

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5 User testing

The final and most valuable prototyping tool or method for testing accessibility is user testing, which involves getting feedback from real or representative users who have different abilities, needs, and preferences. User testing can help you validate and refine your design decisions, and discover the actual problems and solutions for your target audience. To conduct user testing for accessibility, you can use tools like UserTesting, UserZoom, or Lookback, which can help you recruit, observe, and interview users with disabilities or assistive technologies. You can also use tools like UsabilityHub, Optimal Workshop, or Loop11, which can help you create and run online surveys, tests, or experiments with your prototype.

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Rizwan Kabir Khan

UX/UI Designer | Expert in Figma & Prototyping | Creating Engaging Digital Experiences | User-Centered Design Specialist | Mobile & Web Design
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User testing involves getting real people to interact with your product. It's not just about finding bugs but understanding how users, especially those with diverse needs, experience your design. Use tools like UserTesting or Optimal Workshop, and collect feedback to refine and improve the overall usability and accessibility of your product.

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6 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?

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Rizwan Kabir Khan

UX/UI Designer | Expert in Figma & Prototyping | Creating Engaging Digital Experiences | User-Centered Design Specialist | Mobile & Web Design
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In addition to user testing, consider gathering feedback on navigation, clarity of content, and the overall user interface. Prioritize simplicity and consistency in design elements. Don't forget to test across various devices and browsers to ensure a seamless experience for everyone. Accessibility is an ongoing process, so be open to continuous improvement based on user insights and evolving standards.

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What are some of the best prototyping tools or methods for testing accessibility?

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1 Screen reader testing

2 Keyboard testing

3 Color contrast testing

4 Accessibility audit

5 User testing

6 Here’s what else to consider

User Interface Prototyping

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