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What are the signs that indicate a test needs refactoring?

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Refactoring is the process of improving the design, readability, and maintainability of your code without changing its functionality. It is a crucial practice for any software development project, especially for test automation. However, refactoring can be challenging and time-consuming, so you need to identify when and how to do it effectively. In this article, you will learn about some common signs that indicate a test needs refactoring, and some tips on how to refactor your tests.

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Hemant Pujari

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Shahid Ahmed Kazmi

■Learning is my obsession■Teaching my passion■Instrumentation & control my profession■ Founded Instrumentation…

1 Test smells

Test smells are indicators of poor design or implementation choices in your test code that can affect its quality, reliability, and performance. For example, duplicate code can make your code harder to read, modify, and debug. To avoid this, you should extract the common code into reusable methods or classes and use parameters or data-driven testing to vary the input and output values. Additionally, long methods can make your code more complex, fragile, and difficult to understand. To prevent this, break down your test method into smaller, more focused methods that follow the single responsibility principle and use descriptive names that reflect the test purpose and logic. Moreover, hard-coded values embedded in your test code such as URLs, credentials, or expected results can make your code less flexible, adaptable, and reusable. To overcome this issue, externalize the hard-coded values into configuration files, environment variables, or data sources and use constants or variables to refer to them in your code.

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Mozammil Rizwan

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Signs that indicate a test needs refactoring include excessive complexity, redundancy, and unclear intent. If a test is difficult to understand, maintain, or modify, it may benefit from refactoring. Additionally, long execution times, coupled dependencies, and frequent failures can signal the need for improvement. Regularly reassessing tests for efficiency and readability ensures a robust and maintainable testing suite.

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2 Test failures

Test failures can be a sign that something is wrong with your test code or the system under test, however, not all test failures are caused by bugs or defects. Poor test design or implementation can lead to unreliable, unstable, or inconsistent test results. For example, flaky tests that pass or fail unpredictably due to factors such as timing, network, or environment make test results untrustworthy. False positives - tests that pass even when there is a bug or defect in the system - make results misleading and dangerous. False negatives - tests that fail even when there is no bug or defect in the system - make results frustrating and wasteful. To avoid these issues, you should identify the root causes of flakiness and review your test logic and assertions to ensure they are aligned with system requirements. Additionally, use negative testing and boundary testing to verify the system's response to invalid inputs and outputs. Furthermore, check your test setup, teardown, and execution for consistency and robustness. Finally, use error handling and logging techniques to capture any exceptions or errors that occur during the test run.

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3 Test feedback

Test feedback is the information that you get from your test execution and results, such as the test duration, coverage, and quality. It can help you assess the effectiveness and efficiency of your test automation, and identify areas for improvement. For example, slow tests indicate a need for refactoring. You should optimize your test code by reducing unnecessary actions, checks, or waits, and use parallel or distributed testing to speed up your test execution. Low coverage suggests reviewing your test scope, design, and data, and using techniques such as risk-based testing, equivalence partitioning, or pairwise testing to increase your test coverage and diversity. Additionally, low quality tests indicate a need to follow the principles and guidelines of test automation - such as using a consistent coding style, following a clear test structure, and applying a suitable test framework and tools - in order to make your test feedback reliable and helpful.

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4 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?

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Hemant Pujari

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Here are the signs when the test needs refactoring: ****Redundancy of code**** This is one of the signs when the test needs refactoring. It should be important to clear off the redundant test code. This will also help in overall optimization. ****Too time taking**** When the test is taking too much time to execute. That's the high time to refactor it in order to get it optimised to make the execution faster. ***Not compatible or useful with current systems**** There are tests which become irrelevant once the system gets updates. It's high time to re-write the test again for the new system.

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Shahid Ahmed Kazmi

■Learning is my obsession■Teaching my passion■Instrumentation & control my profession■ Founded Instrumentation enthusiasts (exclusive group) with 28,885+ members■ Newsletter ?INSTRUMENTATION REVISITED? Weekly articles.
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The purpose of testing is to ensure that the performance is up to date. However as mentioned in the article, many factors can lead to refactoring. Care should be taken while restructuring so that more meaningful results could be obtained.

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What are the signs that indicate a test needs refactoring?

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1 Test smells

2 Test failures

3 Test feedback

4 Here’s what else to consider

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What are the signs that indicate a test needs refactoring?

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1 Test smells

2 Test failures

3 Test feedback

4 Here’s what else to consider

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