What are the most common barriers to using urban green spaces?

1 Physical barriers

One of the main barriers to using urban green spaces is the lack of availability, accessibility, and quality of these spaces in some areas. For example, urban green spaces may be unevenly distributed across different neighborhoods, creating disparities in exposure and access. Moreover, some urban green spaces may be difficult to reach by public transport, walking, or cycling, or may have inadequate facilities, such as benches, paths, lighting, or toilets. These physical barriers can discourage people from visiting or staying in urban green spaces, especially those with limited mobility, time, or resources.

2 Social barriers

Another barrier to using urban green spaces is the perception and experience of safety, security, and inclusion in these spaces. For instance, some urban green spaces may be associated with crime, violence, or vandalism, or may be dominated by certain groups or activities that make others feel unwelcome or uncomfortable. Additionally, some urban green spaces may not reflect the cultural, religious, or aesthetic preferences of diverse communities, or may not offer opportunities for social interaction and participation. These social barriers can reduce the attractiveness and enjoyment of urban green spaces, especially for women, children, elderly, or minority groups.

3 Psychological barriers

A third barrier to using urban green spaces is the lack of awareness, motivation, and preference for these spaces. For example, some people may not be aware of the location, availability, or benefits of urban green spaces, or may not receive adequate information or promotion from authorities or media. Furthermore, some people may not have the motivation or interest to visit or use urban green spaces, or may prefer other forms of leisure or recreation, such as indoor or digital activities. These psychological barriers can prevent people from exploring or engaging with urban green spaces, especially those with low environmental literacy, education, or income.

4 Policy barriers

A final barrier to using urban green spaces is the lack of support, funding, and coordination from policymakers and stakeholders. For example, some urban green spaces may face challenges such as land use conflicts, budget cuts, maintenance issues, or environmental degradation, or may not be integrated into broader urban planning and development strategies. Moreover, some urban green spaces may not involve or consult the local communities or users in their design, management, or evaluation, or may not address their needs and preferences. These policy barriers can undermine the sustainability and quality of urban green spaces, especially those with weak governance, participation, or accountability.