What are the key mobile app usability and accessibility testing criteria and methods?

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Mobile apps are expected to deliver a seamless and satisfying user experience across different devices, platforms, and contexts. To ensure that your app meets the high standards of usability and accessibility, you need to test it thoroughly and systematically. In this article, we will explore the key criteria and methods for mobile app usability and accessibility testing, and how they can help you troubleshoot and improve your app's performance and user satisfaction.

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Muhammad Usman - ISTQB?CTFL

Senior SQA Automation Lead at DP World | ISTQB? CTFL

1 Usability testing criteria

Usability testing is the process of evaluating how easy and effective your app is for users to achieve their goals. This involves observing and measuring user interaction with the app, and identifying any problems or frustrations. When assessing usability, it's important to consider functionality, efficiency, satisfaction, learnability, and memorability. Functionality looks at whether the app works as intended and expected, without any bugs or errors. Efficiency evaluates how quickly and smoothly users are able to complete tasks with the app. Satisfaction looks at user opinion on design, features, and performance. Learnability tests how easy it is for users to learn how to use the app, while memorability assesses how well users remember how to use the app after a period of time.

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Muhammad Usman - ISTQB?CTFL

Senior SQA Automation Lead at DP World | ISTQB? CTFL
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As a QA lead, I once worked on a mobile app for a retail brand, where usability testing revealed key insights that transformed the user experience. Initially, we noticed users struggled with efficiency—navigating through checkout took longer than expected. By observing user interactions, we identified unnecessary steps that were adding friction. We also tested learnability, seeing how quickly new users could grasp the app. One finding surprised us: despite a simple design, some icons weren't intuitive. After making adjustments, users reported higher satisfaction and smoother performance. This experience reinforced the value of thoroughly testing all usability factors before launch.

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Usability testing should ensure that it is self-explanatory, intuitive, and tolerant of user mistakes.Methods: 1. Heuristics(Evaluating the app against established usability principles) 2. Test Tours(Simulating different user journeys within the app to identify potential usability issues) 3. Personas(fictional representations of target users) Accessibility testing should include support for screen readers to assist users with visual impairments.Additionally, the app should provide visual notifications to accommodate users with hearing impairments.Methods :1. Engaging Real Users with Disabilities. 2.Following Accessibility Guidelines

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2 Usability testing methods

Usability testing is an important step in the development process, and there are various methods to choose from, depending on your goals, resources, and stage of development. Lab testing involves inviting users to a controlled environment, such as a lab or a studio, where their behavior and feedback can be observed and recorded using various tools and techniques. Remote testing allows users to test your app from their own location, using their own device and network. Platforms or tools such as video conferencing or analytics can be used to monitor and communicate with them. Field testing involves observing users in their natural environment, such as their home or workplace, and recording their actions and reactions with mobile devices or wearable cameras. Interviews or surveys can also be conducted to gather opinions on the app. All of these methods can help you understand the context and needs of your users, and how your app fits into their daily lives.

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Muhammad Usman - ISTQB?CTFL

Senior SQA Automation Lead at DP World | ISTQB? CTFL
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In one of my projects, we had to choose the right usability testing methods for a mobile banking app. Initially, we conducted lab testing, where we closely observed users as they navigated through the app in a controlled environment. This gave us valuable insights into their immediate reactions, but it wasn’t enough. So, we switched to remote testing, letting users access the app from their own devices and networks. It was a game-changer! Real-world usage revealed network-related bugs we didn’t catch in the lab. By combining lab and remote testing, we refined both the app’s functionality and user experience before launch.

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3 Accessibility testing criteria

Accessibility testing is a process to ensure that your app is usable and enjoyable by people with different abilities and preferences, such as vision, hearing, motor, or cognitive impairments. It involves verifying if your app complies with the applicable standards and guidelines, like the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) or the Mobile Accessibility Checklist. When conducting accessibility testing, it's important to consider the criteria of perceivability, operability, understandability, and robustness. Perceivability involves assessing if users can perceive and understand your app's content and interface regardless of their sensory capabilities. Operability requires checking if users can operate and control your app's functionality without physical or technical limitations. Understandability evaluates if users comprehend and navigate your app's structure and logic without cognitive or linguistic barriers. Lastly, robustness assesses if users have access to your app across different devices, platforms, and browsers without any technical preferences or constraints.

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Muhammad Usman - ISTQB?CTFL

Senior SQA Automation Lead at DP World | ISTQB? CTFL
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In a project where we developed a mobile app for a government service, accessibility testing became a major focus. We had to ensure that users with vision and motor impairments could easily navigate the app. Our team followed WCAG guidelines and tested for perceivability by using screen readers to confirm that all elements were clearly identified. We also conducted operability checks with users who had motor impairments, ensuring they could control the app using assistive devices. One key challenge was making the app robust across devices and platforms, which we solved by extensive cross-device testing. The result? A truly inclusive app experience.

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4 Accessibility testing methods

Various methods exist for conducting accessibility testing, depending on the scope, budget, and expertise. Automated testing uses software tools or programs to scan and evaluate an app's code and interface for accessibility issues, while manual testing involves using human testers or experts to inspect and test usability and accessibility. Additionally, user testing involves real users with disabilities or special needs to test an app's usability and accessibility from their perspective. Techniques used in each of these methods include checklists, heuristics, assistive technologies, interviews, surveys, and usability testing platforms.

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5 Troubleshooting tips

Troubleshooting is the process of discovering and resolving the root causes of any problems or issues that affect your app's usability and accessibility. It involves analyzing and prioritizing the data and feedback collected from your testing methods, as well as implementing the necessary solutions or improvements to your app's design and development. To troubleshoot effectively, it is important to define user personas and scenarios that represent your target audience and their goals, needs, and preferences. Additionally, a combination of testing methods should be used to provide different types and levels of data and feedback. Lastly, an iterative process should be implemented to test, analyze, fix, and retest your app throughout its lifecycle; agile methodologies or frameworks such as Scrum or Kanban can help with this.

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6 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?

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What are the key mobile app usability and accessibility testing criteria and methods?

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1 Usability testing criteria

2 Usability testing methods

3 Accessibility testing criteria

4 Accessibility testing methods

5 Troubleshooting tips

6 Here’s what else to consider

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