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What are the essential elements of a software design review?

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A software design review is a process of evaluating and improving the quality, functionality, and usability of a software system before it is implemented. It involves a team of experts, stakeholders, and developers who examine the design documents, code, test cases, and other artifacts of the software project. A software design review can help identify and resolve potential issues, risks, gaps, and inconsistencies in the software design, as well as provide constructive feedback and suggestions for improvement. In this article, we will discuss what are the essential elements of a software design review and how to conduct one effectively.

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Tij B.

Chief Executive - Growth, Digital & Tech | CTO, CIO, CDO - Forbes Council Member, Entrepreneur, Board Member

1 Goals and scope

The first element of a software design review is to define the goals and scope of the review. What are the objectives and expectations of the review? What are the criteria and standards for evaluating the software design? What are the deliverables and outcomes of the review? The goals and scope of the review should be clear, specific, and aligned with the project requirements and stakeholders' needs. The review team should also agree on the roles and responsibilities of each member, the schedule and duration of the review, and the tools and methods for conducting the review.

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Tij B.

Chief Executive - Growth, Digital & Tech | CTO, CIO, CDO - Forbes Council Member, Entrepreneur, Board Member
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Align business objectives and technical requirements. Goals Clarification: Define the review's objectives, such as improving design quality, ensuring alignment with business needs, and identifying potential issues early. Scope Definition: Clearly outline the components, features, or systems to be reviewed, focusing on critical areas for feedback. Stakeholder Involvement: Identify key stakeholders (developers, architects, product managers) to ensure comprehensive perspectives. Success Criteria: Establish clear metrics or benchmarks for what success looks like in the review process. Feedback Mechanisms: Set up structured methods for providing constructive feedback, ensuring it's actionable and focused on the defined scope.

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2 Design documents

The second element of a software design review is to prepare and review the design documents. Design documents are the artifacts that describe the structure, behavior, and architecture of the software system. They can include diagrams, models, specifications, user stories, use cases, scenarios, and prototypes. The design documents should be complete, consistent, coherent, and accurate. They should also follow the best practices and conventions of the software domain and methodology. The review team should examine the design documents for any errors, ambiguities, redundancies, or deviations from the project requirements and standards.

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Tij B.

Chief Executive - Growth, Digital & Tech | CTO, CIO, CDO - Forbes Council Member, Entrepreneur, Board Member
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Purpose & Goals: Clearly define what the design aims to achieve, including functional and non-functional requirements. Architecture Overview: Provide a high-level view of the system architecture, highlighting key components and their interactions. Design Patterns & Decisions: Describe the design patterns used and justify crucial design decisions to ensure alignment with project goals. Data Models: Outline data structures, storage solutions, and data flow diagrams to illustrate how data is managed and processed. Security & Compliance: Address security considerations, data protection, and compliance with relevant standards. Scalability & Performance: Discuss how the design supports scalability and performance objectives.

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3 Code and test cases

The third element of a software design review is to inspect and test the code and test cases. Code and test cases are the artifacts that implement and verify the functionality and quality of the software system. They can include source code, scripts, libraries, frameworks, and test suites. The code and test cases should be readable, maintainable, modular, and reusable. They should also follow the coding and testing standards and guidelines of the software domain and methodology. The review team should check the code and test cases for any bugs, vulnerabilities, inefficiencies, or violations of the design principles and patterns.

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4 Feedback and recommendations

The fourth element of a software design review is to provide and receive feedback and recommendations. Feedback and recommendations are the opinions and suggestions that the review team and the developers exchange during and after the review. They can include comments, questions, critiques, praises, and proposals. The feedback and recommendations should be constructive, respectful, and actionable. They should also focus on the strengths and weaknesses of the software design, not on the personal preferences or abilities of the developers. The review team and the developers should communicate clearly, openly, and honestly, and listen to each other's perspectives and rationales.

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5 Report and action plan

The fifth element of a software design review is to generate and follow up on the report and action plan. The report and action plan are the documents that summarize and document the findings, conclusions, and outcomes of the review. They can include ratings, scores, metrics, issues, risks, gaps, and improvements. The report and action plan should be concise, comprehensive, and transparent. They should also highlight the achievements and challenges of the software design, and outline the next steps and actions for the developers. The review team and the developers should review and agree on the report and action plan, and track and monitor the progress and results of the actions.

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6 Review and improvement

The sixth element of a software design review is to review and improve the review process itself. The review process is the set of activities, procedures, and rules that govern the software design review. It can include planning, preparation, execution, evaluation, and feedback. The review process should be effective, efficient, and adaptable. It should also support the goals and scope of the review, and the quality and usability of the software design. The review team and the developers should assess and reflect on the review process, and identify and implement any changes or enhancements that can improve the review process for future software projects.

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7 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?

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Tij B.

Chief Executive - Growth, Digital & Tech | CTO, CIO, CDO - Forbes Council Member, Entrepreneur, Board Member
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The following fosters a collaborative, & constructive env, driving design excellence & innovation. Clear Objectives: Define the goals, focusing on problem-solving and design optimization. Comprehensive documentation: Ensure all design documents are thorough and accessible for review. Stakeholder inclusion: Involve key team members, including developers, designers, and product managers, for diverse perspectives. Well-defined criteria: Establish clear benchmarks for design evaluation, e.g. scalability, security, and reliability. Feedback mechanism: Facilitate constructive feedback, encouraging open dialogue to refine and improve the design. Actionable outcomes: Conclude with clear, actionable steps for design improvement and iteration.

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Karthik S.

Stealth Startup | Ex-Google | Senior Software Engineer | Problem Solver | Supply Chain Management | Order Management | Cloud Service Pricing | Instructional Trainer | Data Analyst | IT Support | Customer Support
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Very nice article by LinkedIn. In my experience bringing all the different stakeholders to the design review meeting will enhance the quality of the proposed design. For example, testing, development, product, network, security, platform, etc. Also generating different documents for high level design, low level design, and detailed level design will breakdown the complexity and improves understanding for all the stakeholders. Thank you!

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What are the essential elements of a software design review?

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1 Goals and scope

2 Design documents

3 Code and test cases

4 Feedback and recommendations

5 Report and action plan

6 Review and improvement

7 Here’s what else to consider

Software Engineering

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