What does a data journalist do?

1 Research and collect data

A data journalist needs to be able to find, verify, and access relevant data sources for their stories. This may involve using online databases, public records, surveys, interviews, or scraping websites. A data journalist also needs to be able to evaluate the quality, accuracy, and reliability of the data, and check for any biases, errors, or gaps. A data journalist should be familiar with the ethical and legal issues of data collection, such as privacy, consent, and copyright.

2 Analyze and interpret data

A data journalist needs to be able to use various methods and tools to explore, clean, and manipulate the data. This may involve using spreadsheets, statistical software, programming languages, or data visualization tools. A data journalist also needs to be able to extract meaningful patterns, trends, and insights from the data, and test their hypotheses and assumptions. A data journalist should be able to apply critical thinking, logic, and creativity to the data analysis process.

3 Code and visualize data

A data journalist needs to be able to use code to automate, enhance, and customize their data work. This may involve using languages such as Python, R, SQL, or HTML to scrape, query, analyze, or present the data. A data journalist also needs to be able to use visualization techniques to communicate the data in an effective and attractive way. This may involve using tools such as Tableau, Power BI, or D3.js to create charts, graphs, maps, or interactive dashboards. A data journalist should be able to choose the best format and design for their data visualization, and follow the principles of data literacy and aesthetics.

4 Write and tell stories

A data journalist needs to be able to write and tell stories that are based on the data, but also appeal to the audience's emotions, curiosity, and values. This may involve using narrative techniques, such as headlines, leads, quotes, anecdotes, or context, to hook the readers and guide them through the data. A data journalist also needs to be able to use different formats and platforms to deliver their stories, such as articles, podcasts, videos, or newsletters. A data journalist should be able to balance the accuracy and clarity of the data with the creativity and engagement of the story.

5 Collaborate and innovate

A data journalist needs to be able to collaborate with other journalists, editors, designers, developers, or experts to produce high-quality and impactful data stories. This may involve working in teams, sharing ideas, feedback, and resources, and adapting to different workflows and deadlines. A data journalist also needs to be able to innovate and experiment with new forms and techniques of data journalism, such as artificial intelligence, augmented reality, or blockchain. A data journalist should be able to embrace the challenges and opportunities of the evolving media landscape and the growing demand for data-driven journalism.