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Last updated on 2024年8月18日

What do you do if you encounter a critical bug during the testing process in a Quality Assurance role?

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If you are a quality assurance (QA) professional, you know that finding and fixing bugs is a crucial part of your job. But what do you do if you encounter a critical bug during the testing process? A critical bug is a serious defect that affects the functionality, security, or performance of the software, and may cause data loss, system crash, or customer dissatisfaction. In this article, we will discuss the steps you should take to handle a critical bug in a QA role.

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Edson Neto

QA Engineer | CTFL | CTFL-AT |
Bathin Vattivella

Seasoned Quality Advocate | Agile Program Manager | PRINCE 2 | CSM | SAFe | RTE | LSSGB | QA COE | AI Enabler |…
Sangeetha Thillai Govindan

Seasoned Quality Engineering Expert |Personal Banking & Lending | Automation Architect | AI ML Aspirant

1 Report the bug

When you find a critical bug, the first step should be to report it to the relevant stakeholders, such as developers, project manager, or client. Using a bug tracking tool like Jira, Bugzilla, or Trello is essential for creating an accurate and detailed bug report that includes the severity and priority of the bug, steps to reproduce it, expected and actual results, environment and configuration of the testing system, screenshots or videos of the bug, error logs or messages, and possible root causes or impacts. Additionally, it’s important to communicate the bug report verbally or via email so that everyone is aware of the issue and can act quickly.

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Anna Andres

QA Manager at Espresa, Inc.
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It is always important to document the bugs and keep it for historical purposes, even if gets fixed right away by developer. The fix can cause other issues and it is important to get to the root of the problem.

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2 Verify the bug

Verifying that the bug is not a false positive, duplicate, or known issue is the next step. You should check the software requirements and specifications, test cases and scenarios, previous bug reports and resolutions, and user or customer feedback to confirm the bug’s validity and uniqueness. Additionally, you should attempt to reproduce the bug on different devices, browsers, platforms, or networks to determine if it is consistent and reproducible. If you discover that the bug is invalid, duplicate, or known, you should update the bug report accordingly and close it or mark it as resolved.

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3 Isolate the bug

The third step is to isolate the bug and identify its scope and impact. To narrow down the bug and determine its root cause and effect, you should use debugging tools such as breakpoints, logs, or monitors to trace the code execution and locate the error source. Testing techniques like binary search, boundary value analysis, or equivalence partitioning can be used to isolate the input, output, or parameters that trigger the bug. Additionally, testing methods like regression testing, integration testing, or smoke testing can assess the impact of the bug on other features or components of the software. Afterward, you should document your findings and share them with developers or other testers to help them fix the bug or prevent it from spreading.

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Sangeetha Thillai Govindan

Seasoned Quality Engineering Expert |Personal Banking & Lending | Automation Architect | AI ML Aspirant
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Effectively managing critical bugs/defects is essential for project success and client satisfaction. Prioritizing defect resolution based on severity and impact ensures that urgent issues are addressed promptly. Open communication with stakeholders is crucial, facilitating swift notification and collaboration among team members. Working closely with developers allows for efficient problem-solving, enabling the identification of root causes and implementation of effective solutions. This collaborative approach fosters a sense of teamwork and shared responsibility, ultimately driving project progress and success.

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4 Test the fix

Testing the fix that the developers provide for the bug is the fourth step. It is essential to verify that the fix resolves the bug and does not introduce new bugs or regressions. To do this, review the code changes and test cases used to validate the fix, then run the test cases and scenarios that cover the bug and its related features or components. Compare the expected and actual results, looking for discrepancies or errors, and report any issues or feedback to the developers or project manager. Additionally, retest the fix on different environments and configurations to ensure that it is compatible and stable.

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Edson Neto

QA Engineer | CTFL | CTFL-AT |
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Após receber a corre??o de um bug pelos desenvolvedores, meu quarto passo é testá-la cuidadosamente. Para mim, é fundamental garantir que a solu??o n?o apenas resolva o bug, mas que também n?o introduza novos problemas ou cause regress?es em outras partes do sistema. Come?o revisando as altera??es de código e os casos de teste específicos usados para validar essa corre??o. Depois, executo uma série de testes abrangendo o bug em quest?o e suas funcionalidades ou componentes relacionados, sempre comparando os resultados obtidos com os esperados, atento a qualquer discrepancia ou erro. N?o deixo de comunicar imediatamente qualquer problema aos desenvolvedores ou ao gerente de projeto.

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Anna Andres

QA Manager at Espresa, Inc.
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If during the bug verification new bugs found - do not re-open the original bug but instead create a new one and link to the existing issue.

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5 Document the bug

It is essential to document the bug and its resolution in a clear and concise manner. The bug report should be updated with details such as the status and resolution of the bug, the date and time of the bug discovery and fix, the name and role of the person who reported, fixed, or tested the bug, any code changes and test cases that were involved in the bug fix, as well as any lessons learned or best practices that were applied or derived from the bug fix. Additionally, you should archive the bug report and its attachments in a secure and accessible location for future reference or analysis.

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Edson Neto

QA Engineer | CTFL | CTFL-AT |
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Quando me deparo com um bug crítico durante o teste, a primeira coisa que fa?o é documentá-lo cuidadosamente. Para mim, é crucial registrar todos os detalhes: desde o momento em que o bug foi encontrado até a sua resolu??o. Isso inclui o status do bug, como e quando foi corrigido, quem participou do processo e quais altera??es foram necessárias. Também fa?o quest?o de anotar as li??es aprendidas e as melhores práticas que surgiram dessa experiência. Essa documenta??o n?o só ajuda a equipe a evitar erros futuros, mas também serve como um recurso valioso para nosso crescimento contínuo.

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Hassan Ajmal

QA Engineer@GRID Systems | QA Automation Engineer | API testing | Manual Tester
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Additionally make this bug, a part of the regression suite. This will ensure that the bug is reverified in the future releases as well.

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6 Learn from the bug

The sixth thing you should do is to learn from the bug and improve your testing process and skills. You should ask yourself how the bug happened, why it escaped the previous testing stages, and how you can improve your testing strategy, plan, design, or execution to detect the bug earlier or avoid it altogether. Additionally, consider how you can enhance your testing tools, techniques, or methods to isolate, verify, or test the bug more efficiently or effectively. It is also important to think about how you can improve your communication, collaboration, or reporting skills to report, fix, or document the bug more clearly or promptly. Furthermore, share your insights and feedback with your team or organization to create a culture of continuous learning and improvement in QA.

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Edson Neto

QA Engineer | CTFL | CTFL-AT |
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Cada bug que encontro se transforma em uma aula valiosa. Para mim, o sexto passo n?o é apenas corrigir o bug, mas sim aprender com ele e usar essa experiência para aprimorar nossos processos de teste e habilidades. Eu sempre me questiono sobre a origem do bug, por que ele n?o foi detectado antes e o que podemos fazer para identificá-lo mais cedo ou mesmo preveni-lo no futuro. Reflito sobre como podemos melhorar nossas estratégias de teste, planos, designs ou execu??es. Também avalio nossas ferramentas e métodos de teste para tornar a identifica??o e corre??o de bugs mais eficientes.

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7 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?

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Bathin Vattivella

Seasoned Quality Advocate | Agile Program Manager | PRINCE 2 | CSM | SAFe | RTE | LSSGB | QA COE | AI Enabler | Delivery Leader | KAIZEN Manager | Ex-LTI | Ex-NCR | Ex-CA |
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If Your team is identifying the critical bug during Initial testing phase, report the bug and get it fixed by dev team. Work with dev team how we can prevent this occurring again. If Your team is identifying the critical bug during Final testing phase, You need to work with the QA team why we caught it lately in the testing phase. Revise Your QA process to identify the issues at the early stage because the fix is going to impact other features with time constraint. As QA we need to inculcate the culture of identifying the critical issues at the earlier stage of testing.

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Anna Andres

QA Manager at Espresa, Inc.
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It is also important to join SDLC prior to feature implementation to possible prevent possible issues after implementation. Make sure the requirements are clear, how it will impact other features and what issues could be introduced. Communicate to business analyst and developers your concerns.

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What do you do if you encounter a critical bug during the testing process in a Quality Assurance role?

1

2

3

4

5

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1 Report the bug

2 Verify the bug

3 Isolate the bug

4 Test the fix

5 Document the bug

6 Learn from the bug

7 Here’s what else to consider

Quality Assurance

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What do you do if you encounter a critical bug during the testing process in a Quality Assurance role?

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

1 Report the bug

2 Verify the bug

3 Isolate the bug

4 Test the fix

5 Document the bug

6 Learn from the bug

7 Here’s what else to consider

Quality Assurance

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