MPLS and SDN/NFV can work together to create a more efficient, flexible, and intelligent network. MPLS provides the underlying transport layer that delivers packets with high performance and quality, while SDN/NFV offers the overlay layer that controls and configures the network functions and services. By integrating these two technologies, network operators can gain enhanced visibility and control, improved utilization and optimization, as well as increased innovation and customization. Specifically, SDN/NFV can monitor and manage the MPLS network in real time to adjust label switching and network function parameters according to traffic conditions. It can also dynamically allocate resources like bandwidth, latency, or reliability based on application demands. Additionally, SDN/NFV can enable new and customized network functions such as virtual private networks, security, or analytics to run over the MPLS network.