What are the common barriers and facilitators of translational research in low- and middle-income countries?

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Translational research is the process of applying scientific discoveries to real-world problems, such as improving health outcomes, reducing health disparities, and enhancing health systems. However, conducting translational research in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) can be challenging due to various barriers and facilitators that influence the implementation and uptake of evidence-based interventions. In this article, we will explore some of the common barriers and facilitators of translational research in LMICs, and how implementation science courses and training can help researchers and practitioners overcome them.

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Sumeet Pandey, PhD

Translational Immunology | Multi-omics | Datascience
Hernandez-Fuentes Maria

Director. Head of Human Tissue Technologies #TeamUCB My opinions and statements are my own and not reflective of UCB…
Aysenil Belger

Professor and Director of Neuroimaging Research in Psychiatry | Ph.D. in Neuroscience

1 Cultural context

One of the key factors that affects translational research in LMICs is the cultural context of the target population and setting. This includes the beliefs, values, norms, preferences, and practices of the people who are involved in or affected by the research. Cultural context can influence the acceptability, feasibility, appropriateness, and effectiveness of the interventions, as well as the engagement and collaboration of the stakeholders. Therefore, researchers and practitioners need to understand and respect the cultural context of their target groups, and tailor their interventions and strategies accordingly. Implementation science courses and training can help them develop cultural competence and sensitivity, and learn how to conduct formative research, stakeholder analysis, and participatory approaches to ensure cultural relevance and alignment.

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Sumeet Pandey, PhD

Translational Immunology | Multi-omics | Datascience
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??Barriers: ??Limited funding hampers research infrastructure and resources. ??Insufficient trained personnel in translational research. ??Inadequate access to advanced technologies and expertise. ??Complex regulatory environments can impede the research process. ??Facilitators: ??Collaborative partnerships enhance knowledge exchange. ??Tailoring interventions to local contexts improves relevance. ??Strengthening healthcare systems promotes translational success. ??International support and funding bolster research capabilities.

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Mohammad Jahid Hasan (.

Pharmaceutical Export Specialist I Global Lead Generation | Generic Export | Oral Oncology Export | B2B | B2C |CMO| NPS| CSP | Export Growth Hack| Digital Marketer | Entrepreneur |Senior Product Manager
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Translational research, which aims to bridge the gap between basic research and practical applications in healthcare, faces various barriers and facilitators in different countries. These challenges and opportunities can significantly impact the successful implementation of research findings. Here are some common barriers and facilitators in LMICs: Barriers: 1. Limited Resources, Inadequate Infrastructure, Regulatory Challenges, Disease Burden and Prioritization, Limited Access to Technology and Information, Fragmented Healthcare Systems. 2. Facilitators: International Collaboration, Capacity Building, Community Engagement, Government Commitment, Adaptation of Interventions, Public-Private Partnerships, & Use of Technology.

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2 Resource constraints

Another common challenge that hinders translational research in LMICs is the lack of adequate resources, such as funding, infrastructure, equipment, personnel, and supplies. Resource constraints can limit the scope, quality, and sustainability of the research, and pose ethical and logistical dilemmas for the researchers and practitioners. For example, they may have to deal with unreliable power supply, poor internet access, lack of transportation, insufficient staff training, and inadequate ethical oversight. To overcome these challenges, researchers and practitioners need to plan ahead, secure funding and support from multiple sources, leverage existing networks and partnerships, and use innovative and low-cost solutions. Implementation science courses and training can help them learn how to conduct budgeting, resource mapping, stakeholder engagement, and problem-solving techniques to optimize their resource utilization and management.

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Hernandez-Fuentes Maria

Director. Head of Human Tissue Technologies #TeamUCB My opinions and statements are my own and not reflective of UCB, KCL, SRUK, or other association views
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I would counter argue that the most powerful strategy is to ensure enthusiastic, well trained scientists, technicians, nurses, and such would be able to overcome a large amount of the financial resources limitations. Bring in local Human Resources that understand the environment and are able to deal with shortcomings.

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3 Political environment

The political environment of a country or region can also affect the conduct and impact of translational research in LMICs. This includes the policies, regulations, governance, leadership, and power dynamics that shape the health system and the research agenda. Political environment can either facilitate or hinder the implementation and dissemination of evidence-based interventions, depending on the level of political commitment, alignment, and support. For example, political instability, corruption, bureaucracy, and resistance can create barriers for translational research, while political will, advocacy, collaboration, and accountability can create opportunities for translational research. Therefore, researchers and practitioners need to be aware of and responsive to the political environment of their target settings, and use appropriate strategies to influence and engage with the policy makers and decision makers. Implementation science courses and training can help them develop policy analysis, communication, negotiation, and advocacy skills, and learn how to use evidence to inform policy and practice.

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4 Evidence quality

The quality of the evidence that is generated and used for translational research in LMICs is another important factor that determines its validity, reliability, and applicability. Evidence quality can be influenced by the design, methods, data, analysis, and reporting of the research, as well as the relevance, timeliness, accessibility, and usability of the evidence for the intended users. Low-quality evidence can undermine the credibility, trustworthiness, and value of the research, and limit its translation and uptake. Therefore, researchers and practitioners need to ensure that their research meets the standards of scientific rigor, ethical conduct, and stakeholder involvement, and that their evidence is tailored to the needs and preferences of the target audiences. Implementation science courses and training can help them learn how to design, conduct, evaluate, and report high-quality research, and how to synthesize, translate, and disseminate evidence for different purposes and contexts.

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Om Narayan Chaudhary

Head-Learning & Development and Digital Infra | Trainer | Digital Marketing | Language & Dialect Enthusiast, Translator - Marwadi & Rajasthani | Occult Enthusiast : Universal Science | Lean 6 Sigma Certified
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In translation, the audience and purpose take center stage. Translators and researchers might have the funds but often lack the intimate understanding of local environments and climates. Meanwhile, locals possess this crucial knowledge but lack the resources to produce high-quality translations. Just as poetry and emotions can lose their essence in translation, so too can the quality and context of crucial evidence.

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5 Implementation capacity

The capacity to implement evidence-based interventions in LMICs is another critical factor that affects translational research. Implementation capacity refers to the knowledge, skills, attitudes, and resources that are required to plan, execute, monitor, and sustain the interventions in real-world settings. Implementation capacity can vary across different levels, sectors, and actors of the health system, and can influence the fidelity, adaptation, scaling-up, and outcomes of the interventions. Therefore, researchers and practitioners need to assess and enhance their own and their partners' implementation capacity, and use appropriate strategies to support and facilitate the implementation process. Implementation science courses and training can help them learn how to use implementation frameworks, models, theories, and tools to guide their implementation planning, execution, evaluation, and improvement.

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Aysenil Belger

Professor and Director of Neuroimaging Research in Psychiatry | Ph.D. in Neuroscience
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In my experience, trust building is a critical rate limiting factor when conducting translational research in LMICs. Too often cultural adaptation is not carried out, and stakeholder engagement along with consideration of lived experiences that can enhance both validity and reliability are not considered.

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What are the common barriers and facilitators of translational research in low- and middle-income countries?

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1 Cultural context

2 Resource constraints

3 Political environment

4 Evidence quality

5 Implementation capacity

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