The third step is to analyze and visualize data using various methods, such as descriptive, diagnostic, predictive, and prescriptive analytics. Descriptive analytics summarizes what happened in the past, such as the number of calls, the average handle time, or the customer satisfaction score. Diagnostic analytics explains why something happened, such as the root causes of customer complaints, the factors affecting service level, or the reasons for agent attrition. Predictive analytics forecasts what will happen in the future, such as the expected call volume, the optimal staffing level, or the potential customer churn. Prescriptive analytics recommends what actions to take, such as the best routing strategy, the most effective training program, or the optimal incentive scheme. Data visualization helps present the data analysis results in an easy-to-understand and interactive way, using tools such as dashboards, charts, graphs, or maps.