Wireless networks are convenient and flexible, but they also pose security risks for IT consultants and their clients. If hackers can access your wireless network, they can steal data, disrupt services, or launch attacks. To prevent these threats, you need to follow some best practices to secure your wireless networks. Here are some of the best ways to do that.
Encryption is the process of converting data into a code that only authorized devices can decipher. It protects your wireless network from eavesdropping, tampering, or spoofing. There are different types of encryption for wireless networks, but the most secure one is WPA2 (Wi-Fi Protected Access 2). WPA2 uses a complex algorithm called AES (Advanced Encryption Standard) to encrypt data. You should always choose WPA2 as your encryption method and avoid using outdated or weak encryption methods like WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy) or WPA (Wi-Fi Protected Access).
To secure wireless networks effectively: use strong, unique Wi-Fi passwords, enable WPA3 encryption, change default router credentials, employ MAC address filtering, update router firmware regularly, disable remote management features, set up a guest network for visitors, and conduct periodic security audits to identify and address vulnerabilities. These measures collectively fortify the network against unauthorized access and cyber threats.
Even with best available encryption, *never* assume wireless connection is secure. (BTW: though WPA3 was introduced in 2018 it still isn't supported on many WiFi devices. Besides, even WPA3 isn't completely secure.) So, use additional encryption (like TLS) for your connections over WiFi and for mission-critical connections, use wired connections. (And make sure those cables are protected from physical access!) Even though wired connections aren't completely secure themselves, wireless have many additional vulnerabilities.
Most wireless routers and access points come with default settings that are easy to guess or exploit. For example, the default network name (SSID), password, or administrator credentials. These settings make your wireless network vulnerable to hackers who can use them to access your network or change its configuration. You should change the default settings as soon as you set up your wireless network and use unique and strong passwords for your network and administrator account. You should also disable any features that you don't need or use, such as remote management, UPnP (Universal Plug and Play), or WPS (Wi-Fi Protected Setup).
Out of the box routers or access points often are configured for getting the network up and running as quickly as possible, not securely as possible. Disable unused features to minimize attack vectors, change default passwords, and disable external access to administrative access (or at minimum behind a VPN or trusted IPs).
A firewall is a software or hardware device that filters and blocks unwanted traffic from entering or leaving your network. It acts as a barrier between your wireless network and the internet, preventing hackers from accessing your devices or launching attacks. An antivirus is a software program that detects and removes malware (malicious software) from your devices. Malware can infect your devices through email attachments, downloads, or links, and can compromise your data, performance, or security. You should enable the firewall and antivirus on your wireless router and on every device connected to your network. You should also update them regularly to protect against new threats.
If your router offers firewall or intrusion prevention options, they should be enabled. Make sure your signatures are up to date and if a subscription is needed it remains valid to keep it updated with the latest threats.
Limiting the network access is a way to control who and what can connect to your wireless network, thus reducing the risk of unauthorized or malicious connections. There are several methods for doing this, such as MAC filtering, VPNs, and guest networks. MAC filtering allows or denies access to your network based on the MAC address of the device, while a VPN creates a secure and encrypted connection between your device and a remote server. Additionally, you can set up a guest network with a different SSID and password than your main network, giving visitors or clients temporary access with limited access to resources. All of these approaches help protect your network from potential threats and keep sensitive information secure.
we can limit the network access to only authorized and authenticated users, we can use AD for Wi-Fi authorization, we can control network access based on user credentials stored in AD server.
Monitoring network activity is essential for keeping track of what is happening on your wireless network, such as who is connected, what data is transferred, or any errors or anomalies that occur. This can help you identify and prevent any security issues or breaches. To do this, you can use tools such as a network analyzer and a network scanner. A network analyzer captures and analyzes the traffic on your network, providing information about the source and destination of packets, the protocols and ports used, the bandwidth and latency, and any errors or alerts. A network scanner scans your network for devices, services, or vulnerabilities to inventory devices, check their status, or find weaknesses or misconfigurations. By following these best practices, you can secure your wireless networks and protect your data, devices, and reputation.
Secure wireless networks by vigilant monitoring of network activity. In a corporate setting, utilize intrusion detection systems to identify unusual patterns. Regularly audit connected devices and manage access points securely. Monitor for unauthorized access attempts and employ encryption protocols like WPA3. Continuously assess the network's integrity through real-time monitoring tools. This proactive approach ensures swift detection and response to potential security threats, maintaining the robustness of wireless network security.
Also, you can do follow updates: Set a strong and unique password for the wireless network itself. Use a combination of upper and lower case letters, numbers, and special characters. Regularly update the password to enhance security. Disable network name broadcasting (SSID) By disabling SSID broadcasting, the wireless network becomes less visible to potential attackers. Users will need to manually enter the network name to connect. Unless required, disable remote administration of the wireless router. This prevents attackers from accessing and modifying router settings from outside the network. These point and points in article make your wireless networks more protected.
Securing wireless networks requires a comprehensive approach, protected by MFA solutions and maintaining up-to-date devices that align with the enterprise security posture. MFA is essential for controlling access, adding an extra layer of protection beyond traditional username and password methods. Additionally, ensuring devices are consistently updated with the latest patches guarantees the integration of the most recent security measures., reinforcing the overall defense against potential threats to the network infrastructure.
Consider implementing strong access controls by employing techniques like MAC filtering. Regularly update firmware to patch vulnerabilities. Segment your network to limit potential breaches. Conduct regular security audits and penetration testing. Educate users on secure practices, such as using strong passwords. Employing a comprehensive approach beyond encryption enhances the overall security of wireless networks.
Even though this article is about wireless networks, don't forget the physical aspect of protection! Wi-Fi routers and APs are usually connected with cables. If any of those are physically accessible by unauthorized people (say, by visitors to your organization), those can easily connect their own devices to your cables and gain access to your LAN, regardless of how well-protected is your wireless network as such. Say if just one of your own APs is exposed somewhere, a new (intruder's own) AP can be connected along with it in seconds - providing unlimited wireless access to an intruder. Without you ever noticing it... Same thing if a LAN cable is exposed - it can be cut, new connectors crimped to it in minutes and a new device added.