What are the best ways to present data in a scientific context?

1 Choose the right type of chart

One of the first steps to present data in a scientific context is to choose the right type of chart for your data. Different types of charts have different purposes and strengths, and you should select the one that best suits your data and your message. For example, if you want to show trends over time, you can use a line chart or a bar chart. If you want to show proportions or percentages, you can use a pie chart or a donut chart. If you want to show relationships or correlations, you can use a scatter plot or a bubble chart. You can also use multiple charts to show different aspects of your data, as long as they are consistent and coherent.

2 Use clear and simple labels

Another important aspect of presenting data in a scientific context is to use clear and simple labels for your charts. Labels are the text elements that explain what your charts are showing, such as the title, the axis, the legend, and the annotations. Labels should be concise, accurate, and informative, and avoid jargon, abbreviations, and unnecessary details. You should also use appropriate fonts, sizes, colors, and alignments for your labels, and make sure they are readable and visible.

3 Apply the principles of data visualization

Data visualization is the art and science of transforming data into visual forms that can be easily understood and analyzed. To present data in a scientific context, you should apply the principles of data visualization, such as using colors strategically, using shapes and sizes wisely, and using whitespace effectively. Colors should be relevant, consistent, and harmonious; shapes and sizes should be meaningful, proportional, and balanced; and whitespace should be used to separate, align, or center your charts. Additionally, you should avoid colors that are too bright, too dark, or too similar; shapes and sizes that are too complex, too large, or too small; and whitespace that is too crowded, too sparse, or too uneven.

4 Tell a story with your data

Presenting data in a scientific context is not only about displaying facts and figures, but also about crafting a story with your data. Crafting a story can help you engage your audience, communicate your message, and persuade your listeners. To tell a story with your data, you should first define your goal: what is the main point or key takeaway that you want your audience to remember? Then, consider who you are presenting to and tailor your data presentation to them. Finally, structure your narrative with a logical and coherent narrative that follows an introduction, body, and conclusion. Additionally, use transitions, signposts, and summaries to connect and reinforce your points.

5 Design your slides or posters

The final step to present data in a scientific context is to design your slides or posters that will display your charts and your story. Slides or posters are the visual aids that can help you enhance your data presentation, but they can also detract from it if they are poorly designed. To design your slides or posters, you should opt for a consistent and professional theme that matches your topic, tone, and brand. Images and icons should be used sparingly and only when they are relevant, high-quality, and copyright-free. Animations and transitions should also be used carefully and only when they are necessary, smooth, and fast. Doing this will ensure you create an effective presentation that is visually appealing.

6 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?