What are the best ways to configure LAN switches and routers for optimal performance?

For LAN switches - The control plane policing which will increases security on the switch by protecting the routing plane from unnecessary or DoS traffic and giving priority to important control plane and management traffic. - Maintain a health over-subscription ratio based on your requirement - In case of vxlan use ARP suppression to avoid unnecessary flooding of broadcast traffic across the fabric.

Configuring LAN switches and routers for optimal performance is crucial to ensure efficient network operations. Some best practices for configuring LAN switches and routers: For LAN Switches: 1. Quality of Service (QoS): 2. VLANs: 3. STP/RSTP: 4. Port Security: 5. Link Aggregation (LACP): 6. Jumbo Frames: 7. Energy-Efficient Ethernet (EEE): 8. Storm Control: 9. Monitoring and Alerting: For Routers: 1. Use Sufficient Router Hardware: 2. Access Control Lists (ACLs): 3. Routing Protocols: 4. Firewall and Security Rules: 5. Packet Inspection and Deep Packet Inspection (DPI): 6. Quality of Service (QoS): 7. IP Addressing Scheme: 8. Firmware/Software Updates: 9. Virtual Private Network (VPN): 10. Redundancy and Failover:

For LAN Switches: Choose the Right Hardware: Select switches with adequate capacity, performance, and features to meet your network's requirements. Pay attention to factors like the number of ports, port speed, and Layer 2/3 capabilities. Use VLANs (Virtual LANs): Segment your network into VLANs to improve network efficiency, security, and manageability. Implement Quality of Service (QoS): Configure QoS settings to prioritize critical traffic such as voice or video data. Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) Optimization: Configure STP settings to prevent loops and ensure network redundancy. Port Security:

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- Identify the purpose of the network. - Determine the number of devices and their types (computers, printers, etc.). - Assess the expected network traffic. - Select an appropriate network topology (e.g., star, bus, ring) based on your requirements and scalability. - Choose reliable routers, switches, and access points from reputable manufacturers. - Ensure equipment supports required network speeds and security features. - Assign static or dynamic IP addresses to devices based on the network's size and complexity. - Implement DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) for automatic IP address assignment. - Divide the network into subnets to enhance performance and security.

Link Aggregation: Benefits: Increased bandwidth (up to 8x the speed of a single port), improved fault tolerance if one port fails, and load balancing across aggregated links. Considerations: Requires compatible switches and devices, configuration complexity, and may not be necessary for smaller networks. Static Routing: Benefits: Offers predictable and stable routing, avoids the overhead of dynamic routing protocols, and provides granular control over traffic flow. Useful for larger networks with specific routing requirements or security constraints. Considerations: Requires manual configuration and maintenance, inflexible for adapting to network changes, and can be cumbersome for complex networks.

Consider configure logging metrics, format, retention policies ... in network devices for doing optimizing (later). Also configure network traffic monitoring tools (OOB) to still logging but optimizing performance for network devices.

Configuring settings for your needs is important. Some people will want to configure based on other organizations or based on other models, but this is not always the best approach. You need to make sure that your configurations match your needs, equipment capabilities, and infrastructure. Setting all of your switches to work at 1GB speeds when your entire network functions at 500Mbps will do nothing to help your network. Additionally, setting switches for 500Mbps for a network full of 1GB devices will just hinder your network. Knowing your network and configuring your setting based on it is vital.

1.Use Quality of Service (QoS) settings to prioritize network traffic based on importance. 2.Enable Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) to prevent network loops and improve network stability. 3.Configure VLANs to segment network traffic and improve security. 4.Use Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP) to create link aggregation groups and increase bandwidth. 5.Enable port security to prevent unauthorized access to the network. 6.Ensure that firmware and software are up-to-date to maintain security and performance. 7.Use secure passwords and enable encryption to protect network communications.

Implement access control lists (ACLs) to control traffic flow and enhance security. Enable features like DHCP snooping and Dynamic ARP Inspection to prevent attacks.

Security is paramount. Many devices and software are not developed with security in mind. Secure by default and secure by design are processes that are being recommended and pushed forward, but are not here yet. Making sure you understand network security is a basic part of being a network admin.

Security is the most important part of this topic. Even if you have implemented various routing protocols, etherchannel, or disaster recovery LAN infra, it'll all be useless if you don't take security seriously from the very first part of your deployment plan. For switches and routers, you can use ACLs, MAC Filtering/Sticky, and changing native VLAN could be enough. But one should really invest in the Firewall. Implementing IPS/IDS, turning on specific port numbers only, specific destination/source address, Web filtering, SDWAN, Zero-trust policy, and a lot can be activated thru next-gen firewall So during the planning, all security measures should be considered based on the client's needs.

Finding correct management platform based on the business needs are very important. Since switches touches most of end devices in the network. Having a suitable monitoring platform provides a greater visibility and control of what’s happening in the network

Configuring LAN switches and routers for optimal performance depends on your specific network requirements, but here are some general best practices: 1. Quality of Service (QoS): 2. VLANs (Virtual LANs): 3. Spanning Tree Protocol (STP): 4. Security: 5. Firmware Updates: 6. Jumbo Frames: 7. Load Balancing: 8. Link Aggregation: 9. Bandwidth Monitoring: 10. Redundancy: 11. Packet Forwarding: 12. DNS and DHCP: 13. Proper Cabling: 14. Temperature Control: 15. Documentation: 16. Network Monitoring and Alerts: Remember that the specific configuration details will depend on the equipment and software you're using, as well as the unique requirements of your network.