Complex problems are those that have multiple dimensions, variables, stakeholders, and uncertainties. They require a systematic and rigorous approach to research, analysis, and decision making. In this article, you will learn how to develop a research strategy for complex problems using the following steps:
The first step is to clearly define the problem you want to solve or the question you want to answer. You need to specify the scope, context, and objectives of your research, as well as the assumptions, constraints, and criteria that will guide your analysis. You can use tools such as problem statements, research questions, SMART goals, and logic models to help you define the problem.
Agree with this! I have always struggled with excessively ambitious research questions that end up being too big to be explored or too vague to be investigated. Defining the scale of the problem, no matter how small it is has been a life-saving skill in my research journey, especially throughout university!
Developing a research strategy for complex problems involves a systematic and structured approach. Start by clearly defining the problem and breaking it down into smaller, more manageable components. Conduct a thorough literature review to understand existing research and identify gaps in knowledge. Define specific research questions or objectives that address the complexity of the problem. Choose appropriate research methods and tools, considering both qualitative and quantitative approaches if necessary. Collaborate with experts in relevant fields to gain diverse perspectives. Iteratively refine your strategy based on ongoing findings and feedback. Regularly reassess and adjust your approach as the research progresses.
A research strategy for complex problems necessitates a systematic approach, including problem definition, literature review, objectives, research questions, multidisciplinary approaches, research design, methods, data collection, ethical considerations, risk management, realistic timeframes, resource allocation, stakeholder engagement, pilot testing, iterative approach, communication plan, and peer review. This ensures a robust and adaptable strategy that contributes to existing knowledge in the field, ensuring a robust and adaptable approach.
In my experience researching information technology Impact on a business of an entity, I adopted the following techniques: 1. determined the objectives of the research 2. reviewed the exiting research work and identified gap in there 3. Made decision on data collection technique 4. gathered data from the organization 5. collated and analyzed the collected data 6. translate the data for the users' understanding 7. concluded the research and made recommendations. ;
In cancer research, defining the problem precisely is crucial. Researchers must identify the specific aspect of cancer they aim to study (e.g., a particular type or treatment method). They should establish the context (like patient demographics or cancer stage), objectives (like understanding mechanisms or improving treatments), and any limitations (such as resource constraints). Assumptions (like expected drug effectiveness) and success criteria (like survival rates) guide the study. Tools like well-articulated problem statements, specific research questions, SMART (Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, Time-bound) objectives, and logic models are essential for structuring and directing the research effectively.
The second step is to review the existing knowledge and evidence related to your problem. You need to identify the relevant sources of information, such as academic literature, reports, data, case studies, and expert opinions. You also need to critically evaluate the quality, reliability, and validity of the information, and synthesize the main findings and gaps. You can use tools such as literature reviews, annotated bibliographies, and meta-analyses to help you review existing knowledge.
A practical example I can think of is in the development of mRNA COVID-19 vaccines, where reviewing existing knowledge was crucial. Prior to the pandemic, mRNA vaccines were a relatively unexplored field. However, researchers delved into decades of mRNA research and data from similar viruses like SARS and MERS. This comprehensive review provided critical insights into mRNA technology's potential efficacy and safety. Additionally, understanding the immune response to similar viruses informed the design of the COVID-19 vaccine. This just highlights how reviewing existing knowledge can be pivotal in rapidly developing solutions for complex and urgent problems.
The third step is to design your research method, which is the plan and procedure for collecting and analyzing data to answer your research question. You need to choose the appropriate type and level of data, such as qualitative or quantitative, primary or secondary, descriptive or inferential. You also need to select the suitable data collection and analysis techniques, such as surveys, interviews, experiments, statistics, or models. You can use tools such as research proposals, data collection instruments, and data analysis plans to help you design your research method.
When working on complex problems my approach is always break it down into steps: -Identify the main objectives - Understand the main objectives - Define how best to approach the problem, what methodologies/ frameworks can help me achieve my goals. - Understand what information do you have available and how you are going to collect it. -Iterate at every step of the process -Make sure that you write your methodology
The fourth step is to collect and analyze data according to your research method. You need to ensure the ethical, legal, and practical aspects of data collection, such as obtaining consent, protecting privacy, and ensuring accuracy. You also need to apply the relevant data analysis techniques, such as descriptive statistics, inferential statistics, thematic analysis, or content analysis. You can use tools such as data management systems, software packages, and visualization tools to help you collect and analyze data.
The fifth step is to interpret and communicate the results of your data analysis. You need to draw conclusions and recommendations based on the evidence, and explain the implications and limitations of your research. You also need to communicate your results effectively and persuasively to your target audience, using the appropriate format, style, and tone. You can use tools such as reports, presentations, posters, or infographics to help you interpret and communicate results.
The sixth step is to evaluate and refine your research strategy based on the feedback and outcomes of your research. You need to assess the strengths and weaknesses of your research strategy, and identify the areas for improvement or further research. You also need to reflect on your learning process and outcomes, and document your lessons learned and best practices. You can use tools such as self-evaluation forms, peer reviews, and action plans to help you evaluate and refine your research strategy.
Develop a research strategy for complex problems by defining the scope, conducting a thorough literature review, identifying key variables, formulating clear research questions, selecting appropriate methodologies, planning data collection, defining analysis methods, establishing a realistic timeline, seeking expert input, remaining flexible, addressing ethical considerations, and subjecting the strategy to peer review for refinement. This systematic approach ensures a comprehensive and adaptable plan for addressing complex research challenges.