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What are the best version control practices?

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Version control is a vital skill for any system developer who wants to collaborate effectively, maintain code quality, and deliver software faster. It allows you to track, manage, and synchronize changes to your codebase across different environments and teams. But how do you use version control in the best way possible? Here are some best practices to follow.

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Julian C.

Head IT | Senior Software Engineering Manager | SDLC
Darel Cullen

CTO

1 Choose the right version control system

There are many version control systems available, such as Git, SVN, Mercurial, and CVS. Each one has its own features, advantages, and disadvantages. You should choose the one that suits your project needs, team size, workflow, and preferences. Some factors to consider are the ease of installation, configuration, and integration; the support for branching, merging, and conflict resolution; the performance and scalability; and the availability of tools and resources.

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Julian C.

Head IT | Senior Software Engineering Manager | SDLC
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In my experience in software development, I've explored various Source Control Management (SCM) tools, including Source Safe, SVN, Mercurial and Git. My experiences with distributed SCM systems, particularly Git and Mercurial, have been highly positive, with a preference for Git. Choosing the right SCM depends on the project's specific needs and the team's expertise. However, I find Git to be exceptionally versatile, suitable for a wide range of projects due to its simplicity and ease of learning. Mercurial, in my view, offers similar benefits and could be as effective as Git in the right circumstances.

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Darel Cullen

CTO
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Git is normally the way to go, although if you need version control of large binaries then store them separately in SCM tool that is designed to handle a high volume of binary files.

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Tércio Feijó

Desenvolvedor de sistemas na PICSIS (Vestibulares, Concursos e Pesquisas)
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Na minha opini?o pessoal, o Git é uma ferramenta essencial para o controle de vers?o de projetos de software. Ao longo da minha experiência, tenho observado que algumas práticas s?o especialmente importantes para o seu uso eficaz. Por exemplo, considero crucial fazer commits frequentes e descritivos, pois isso permite um rastreamento claro das altera??es ao longo do tempo. Além disso, o uso adequado de branches é fundamental para facilitar o desenvolvimento de novos recursos ou corre??es de bugs sem interferir no código principal. Também valorizo bastante o uso de pull requests e code reviews, pois isso ajuda a garantir a qualidade do código e promove a colabora??o entre os membros da equipe.

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Vijay Kumar Nalubotula

Sr. Site Reliability Engineer / Sr. DevOps Engineer at Emirates Airlines Group [I.T]
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Use Descriptive Commit Messages: Clearly explain changes made in each commit. Branching Strategy: Adopt a branching strategy like GitFlow for managing feature development and releases. Regular Commits: Make frequent, small commits to track changes effectively. Code Reviews: Conduct thorough code reviews to ensure quality and maintainability. Continuous Integration: Integrate changes frequently to detect issues early. Automated Testing: Implement automated tests to validate changes and prevent regressions. Version Tagging: Use semantic versioning for releases to communicate changes effectively. Documentation: Keep documentation up-to-date to facilitate collaboration and understanding.

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2 Follow a consistent naming convention

Naming your branches, commits, and tags is not only a matter of style, but also a matter of clarity and communication. You should follow a consistent naming convention that reflects the purpose, scope, and status of your code changes. For example, you can use prefixes like feature/, bugfix/, or hotfix/ to indicate the type of branch; use descriptive and concise messages to summarize your commits; and use semantic versioning to label your tags. This way, you can easily identify, organize, and review your code history.

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3 Use branches wisely

Branching is a powerful feature of version control that allows you to create parallel versions of your codebase for different purposes, such as developing new features, fixing bugs, or testing changes. However, branching can also introduce complexity and confusion if not used wisely. You should use branches sparingly and strategically, following a branching model that defines the roles and rules of each branch. For example, you can use a main branch for stable and production-ready code, a development branch for integrating features, and feature branches for working on individual tasks.

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Darel Cullen

CTO
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branches if used should be short lived feature branches, or short lived release hardening. most imporant of all are configuration management baselines (tags in git speak) that give a meaningful names snapshots of the entire codebase and its dependencies.

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4 Merge frequently and carefully

Merging is the process of combining two or more branches into one, resolving any conflicts that may arise. Merging is essential for keeping your codebase up to date and consistent, but it can also introduce errors and bugs if not done carefully. You should merge frequently and carefully, following a merge strategy that minimizes conflicts and ensures quality. For example, you can use a pull request or a code review system to request and approve merges, perform tests and checks before and after merging, and use tools like diff and merge to compare and resolve differences.

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Darel Cullen

CTO
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Ensure that you have good automated integration test suite to enable developers to quickly and correctly integrate changes into a known working baseline.

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5 Backup and secure your code

Version control is not only a tool for managing code changes, but also a tool for protecting and preserving your code. You should backup and secure your code regularly, following a backup policy that defines the frequency, location, and method of your backups. For example, you can use a remote repository service like GitHub or Bitbucket to store and sync your code online, encrypt and compress your backups to save space and prevent unauthorized access, and use tools like git-annex or git-lfs to handle large files.

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Darel Cullen

CTO
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Also make sure you are not version controlling secrets, these should be controlled outside of the codebase in secrets managers.

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6 Learn and improve

Version control is not a static or fixed skill, but a dynamic and evolving one. You should learn and improve your version control practices constantly, following a learning cycle that involves feedback, reflection, and action. For example, you can use metrics and tools like git-stats or git-standup to measure and analyze your version control performance, identify and address your strengths and weaknesses, and adopt new techniques and best practices.

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Yuvaraj Madheswaran

GM Financial
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Feedback Mechanisms: Establish robust feedback mechanisms within your development teams to gather insights on version control processes and identify areas for improvement. Utilizing Metrics and Tools: Metrics and tools play a vital role in assessing version control performance. Git-specific tools like git-stats and git-standup offer valuable insights into commit frequency, code churn, and developer productivity. Adopting New Techniques: Embrace emerging techniques and best practices in version control to stay ahead of industry trends and optimize development workflows.

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7 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?

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What are the best version control practices?

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

1 Choose the right version control system

2 Follow a consistent naming convention

3 Use branches wisely

4 Merge frequently and carefully

5 Backup and secure your code

6 Learn and improve

7 Here’s what else to consider

System Development

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What are the best version control practices?

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

1 Choose the right version control system

2 Follow a consistent naming convention

3 Use branches wisely

4 Merge frequently and carefully

5 Backup and secure your code

6 Learn and improve

7 Here’s what else to consider

System Development

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