To apply SPC to HAIs, health care organizations need to follow a systematic approach that involves four main steps: define, measure, analyze, and improve. In the define step, they need to identify the key HAIs that they want to monitor and reduce, such as catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs), central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs), surgical site infections (SSIs), or ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). They also need to define the scope, objectives, and stakeholders of the SPC project. In the measure step, they need to collect and organize data on the HAIs and their related factors, such as infection rates, patient characteristics, compliance with best practices, and environmental conditions. They need to use reliable and valid data sources and methods, such as electronic health records, surveillance systems, or audits. In the analyze step, they need to use SPC charts, such as run charts, control charts, or Pareto charts, to display and analyze the data over time. They need to look for patterns, trends, outliers, and signals that indicate changes or problems in the process. They also need to use statistical tests, such as hypothesis tests, confidence intervals, or process capability analysis, to compare and evaluate the data against the benchmarks and goals. In the improve step, they need to use the results of the analysis to identify the root causes of variation and problems, and to implement and evaluate improvement actions, such as education, feedback, checklists, or bundles. They need to monitor the impact of the improvement actions on the HAIs and the process, and to make adjustments as needed.