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What are the best practices for using Robot framework with GitLab CI/CD?

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Robot framework is a popular open-source tool for automated testing, especially for web applications. It allows you to write test cases in a keyword-driven or data-driven manner, using a simple syntax and a rich library of libraries and extensions. GitLab is a cloud-based platform that provides a complete DevOps lifecycle, including continuous integration and continuous delivery (CI/CD) pipelines. By integrating Robot framework with GitLab CI/CD, you can run your tests automatically whenever you commit code, merge requests, or deploy changes, and get fast feedback on the quality and performance of your application. In this article, we will explore some of the best practices for using Robot framework with GitLab CI/CD, such as:

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Pick the right executor:

Choose an executor that supports your dependencies and tools. For instance, use a Docker executor with a pre-built image for Selenium tests, ensuring compatibility and efficiency.### *Organize test files smartly:Separate test cases, keywords, and resources into distinct files. Group them by functionality to enhance maintainability and ease of execution within GitLab CI/CD.

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Ahmed ABDEEN, Quality and Completions Lead

Chartered Quality Institute-IRCA Lead…
Sanjay Kumar

Indian Navy Retired, QA, HR, Supply…

1 Choosing a suitable executor

GitLab CI/CD runs your tests in a virtual environment called an executor, which can be a Docker container, a shell script, a Kubernetes cluster, or a custom service. Depending on your project's requirements, you should choose an executor that supports the necessary dependencies, tools, and configurations for your Robot framework tests. For example, if you are testing a web application with Selenium, you might want to use a Docker executor with a pre-built image that contains the Selenium server and the browser drivers. Alternatively, you can create your own Docker image with the specific versions and settings that you need.

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Sanjay Kumar

Indian Navy Retired, QA, HR, Supply Chain, Ware Housing, Procurement, MIS, SAP, Admin, Budget, Industrial Safety
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When using Robot Framework with GitLab CI/CD, it is essential to follow best practices such as maintaining a well-structured project directory, utilizing GitLab's YAML configuration to define the CI/CD pipeline stages for test execution, integrating appropriate Robot Framework test result reporting, and leveraging GitLab artifacts for storing test artifacts and reports. Additionally, using GitLab's environment variables for storing sensitive information and ensuring seamless integration with version control are crucial practices for successful implementation.

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Ahmed ABDEEN, Quality and Completions Lead

Chartered Quality Institute-IRCA Lead Auditor? Australian NER Civil-Professional Engineer Quality and Completions Lead /Advisor Major Projects - John Holland ???? West Gate Tunnel Project Welding Inspector
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This will depend on your needs and the resources available to you. Some popular options include Docker, Kubernetes, and GitLab runners.

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2 Configuring a .gitlab-ci.yml file

The .gitlab-ci.yml file is the main configuration file that defines how your tests are executed by GitLab CI/CD. It contains a set of stages, jobs, and rules that specify what commands to run, what artifacts to produce, and what conditions to trigger or skip the tests. For example, you can define a stage called test that contains a job called robot, which runs the robot command to execute your test suite and generates an XML report as an artifact. You can also use variables, templates, and includes to reuse and customize your configuration across different projects and scenarios.

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Ahmed ABDEEN, Quality and Completions Lead

Chartered Quality Institute-IRCA Lead Auditor? Australian NER Civil-Professional Engineer Quality and Completions Lead /Advisor Major Projects - John Holland ???? West Gate Tunnel Project Welding Inspector
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Configure a .gitlab-ci.yml file. This file will define the stages of your CI/CD pipeline and the tasks that will be executed in each stage.

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3 Organizing your test files and folders

To make your Robot framework tests easier to maintain and run by GitLab CI/CD, you should follow some basic principles for organizing your test files and folders. For example, you should separate your test cases, keywords, variables, and resources into different files and group them by functionality or feature. You should also use consistent naming conventions and avoid hard-coding paths or values that might change depending on the environment. Additionally, you should use tags to categorize your tests by priority, type, or status, and use them to filter or select the tests that you want to run by GitLab CI/CD.

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4 Using GitLab features to enhance your testing

GitLab offers many features that can help you improve your testing process and results when using Robot framework. For example, you can use GitLab Pages to host and view your HTML reports generated by Robot framework, and use GitLab Badges to display the status and coverage of your tests on your project's homepage. You can also use GitLab Merge Requests to review and approve your code changes and test cases, and use GitLab Environments to track and deploy your application to different stages, such as development, testing, or production. Furthermore, you can use GitLab Issues to report and manage your defects and test failures, and use GitLab Metrics to monitor and analyze your application's performance and quality.

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Ahmed ABDEEN, Quality and Completions Lead

Chartered Quality Institute-IRCA Lead Auditor? Australian NER Civil-Professional Engineer Quality and Completions Lead /Advisor Major Projects - John Holland ???? West Gate Tunnel Project Welding Inspector
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Use GitLab features to enhance your testing. GitLab offers a number of features that can help you improve your testing process, such as pipelines, artifacts, and environment variables.

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5 Following best practices for Robot framework and GitLab CI/CD

Finally, to get the most out of using Robot framework with GitLab CI/CD, you should follow some general best practices for both tools. For Robot framework, you should write clear and concise test cases, use meaningful keywords and variables, document your tests and libraries, and apply coding standards and guidelines. For GitLab CI/CD, you should use version control, write descriptive commit messages, create branches and merge requests for your changes, and optimize your pipeline's speed and efficiency. By following these best practices, you can ensure that your Robot framework tests are reliable, readable, and reusable, and that your GitLab CI/CD pipeline is stable, secure, and scalable.

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Ahmed ABDEEN, Quality and Completions Lead

Chartered Quality Institute-IRCA Lead Auditor? Australian NER Civil-Professional Engineer Quality and Completions Lead /Advisor Major Projects - John Holland ???? West Gate Tunnel Project Welding Inspector
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Follow best practices for Robot Framework and GitLab CI/CD. There are a number of best practices that you can follow to ensure that your Robot Framework tests are effective and efficient.

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6 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?

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Ahmed ABDEEN, Quality and Completions Lead

Chartered Quality Institute-IRCA Lead Auditor? Australian NER Civil-Professional Engineer Quality and Completions Lead /Advisor Major Projects - John Holland ???? West Gate Tunnel Project Welding Inspector
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there are a few other things to consider when using Robot Framework with GitLab CI/CD. These include using environment variables for sensitive information, writing descriptive commit messages, and creating branches and merge requests for your changes.

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What are the best practices for using Robot framework with GitLab CI/CD?

1

2

3

4

5

6

1 Choosing a suitable executor

2 Configuring a .gitlab-ci.yml file

3 Organizing your test files and folders

4 Using GitLab features to enhance your testing

5 Following best practices for Robot framework and GitLab CI/CD

6 Here’s what else to consider

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What are the best practices for using Robot framework with GitLab CI/CD?

1

2

3

4

5

6

1 Choosing a suitable executor

2 Configuring a .gitlab-ci.yml file

3 Organizing your test files and folders

4 Using GitLab features to enhance your testing

5 Following best practices for Robot framework and GitLab CI/CD

6 Here’s what else to consider

Quality Assurance

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