What are the best practices for using lashing and dunnage materials in containers?

1 What are lashing and dunnage materials?

Lashing materials are devices or systems that secure the cargo inside the container or on the flat rack. They include straps, chains, wires, ropes, bars, hooks, turnbuckles, and tensioners. Dunnage materials are pads, mats, boards, blocks, bags, or airbags that fill the gaps between the cargo and the container walls, floor, or ceiling. They provide cushioning, support, stability, and protection for the cargo.

2 How to choose the right lashing and dunnage materials?

The choice of lashing and dunnage materials depends on the type, size, weight, shape, and fragility of the cargo, as well as the mode and duration of transportation. You should follow the manufacturer's instructions and specifications for the lashing and dunnage materials, and check their quality, strength, and durability. You should also consider the environmental factors, such as temperature, humidity, and corrosion, that may affect the performance of the materials.

3 How to apply the lashing and dunnage materials?

The application of the lashing and dunnage materials should follow the principles of even distribution, proper tension, adequate friction, and sufficient clearance. You should distribute the weight of the cargo evenly within the container or on the flat rack, and avoid overloading or underloading. You should apply the lashing materials with enough tension to prevent the cargo from shifting or sliding, but not too much to damage the cargo or the container. You should use friction-enhancing materials, such as anti-slip mats or rubber sheets, to increase the grip between the cargo and the container or the flat rack. You should also leave enough clearance between the cargo and the container walls, floor, or ceiling, and use dunnage materials to fill the voids and prevent the cargo from crushing or rubbing.

4 How to follow the lashing and dunnage regulations?

The lashing and dunnage of containers for international shipping are subject to various regulations and standards, such as the IMO's Code of Safe Practice for Cargo Stowage and Securing (CSS Code), the ISO's Series 1 Freight Containers (ISO 1496), and the national or regional laws and rules of the countries or regions involved in the transportation. You should familiarize yourself with these regulations and standards, and comply with them accordingly. You should also use the appropriate markings, labels, and placards to indicate the lashing and dunnage requirements and precautions for the containers.

5 How to inspect and maintain the lashing and dunnage materials?

The inspection and maintenance of the lashing and dunnage materials are crucial for ensuring their effectiveness and safety. You should inspect the materials before, during, and after loading and unloading, and look for any signs of damage, wear, tear, or corrosion. You should replace or repair any defective or unsuitable materials immediately. You should also store and handle the materials properly, and avoid exposing them to excessive heat, moisture, or chemicals.

Using lashing and dunnage materials in containers is a skill that requires knowledge, experience, and attention to detail. By following the best practices outlined in this article, you can improve your loading and securing performance, and avoid costly and risky mistakes.