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What are the best morphological annotation practices for corpus linguistics?

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Morphological annotation is the process of adding information about the word forms, parts of speech, and grammatical features of the tokens in a corpus. Corpus linguistics is the study of language using large collections of authentic texts. In this article, you will learn what are the best morphological annotation practices for corpus linguistics, and why they are important for linguistic analysis and natural language processing.

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Ricardo Gomes

Data Science & Analytics | Inova??o | NLP Researcher | AI | Inteligência Artificial | GenAI | Elastic Stack | Gest?o de…

1 Why annotate morphology?

Morphological annotation can help you explore the structure, variation, and change of language at the word level. You can use it to compare different languages, dialects, genres, or registers, and to identify patterns, trends, and anomalies in the data. Morphological annotation can also enhance the quality and usability of your corpus for other tasks, such as lemmatization, parsing, tagging, indexing, searching, and extracting information.

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Ricardo Gomes

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A anota??o morfológica aprimora a compreens?o das nuances linguísticas, contribuindo para um desempenho mais preciso nos sistemas de NER.

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2 How to choose a morphological scheme?

There is no single standard or universal scheme for morphological annotation. Different schemes may vary in the level of detail, the scope of coverage, the notation system, and the theoretical assumptions. You should choose a morphological scheme that suits your research goals, your corpus characteristics, and your available resources. You should also consider the compatibility and interoperability of your scheme with other existing or potential schemes, tools, and formats.

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Ricardo Gomes

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A escolha de um esquema morfológico deve ser baseada nos objetivos do projeto, na complexidade da linguagem, nos recursos disponíveis, na compatibilidade com ferramentas e na adapta??o às entidades nomeadas específicas. Isso ajudará na identifica??o precisa de informa??es em textos.

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3 How to apply a morphological scheme?

Once you have chosen a morphological scheme, you need to apply it consistently and accurately to your corpus. You can use manual, semi-automatic, or automatic methods, depending on the size, complexity, and quality of your data, and the availability and reliability of the tools. You should also document your annotation process, decisions, and guidelines, and validate and evaluate your annotation results. You should also be prepared to revise and update your annotation as needed, based on new data, feedback, or insights.

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Ricardo Gomes

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Em se tratando de uma análise linguística precisa, é importante que haja a aplica??o de um esquema morfológico, destacando padr?es e estruturas nas palavras. Isso aprimora a eficácia de tarefas como reconhecimento de entidades nomeadas, contribuindo para resultados mais precisos em projetos de processamento de linguagem natural.

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4 How to store and share a morphologically annotated corpus?

A morphologically annotated corpus is a valuable resource that can benefit other researchers and users. You should store and share your corpus in a format that preserves and displays the morphological information, and that is compatible with common standards and tools. You should also provide metadata and documentation that describe the content, structure, and provenance of your corpus, and the license and terms of use. You should also cite and acknowledge the sources and contributors of your corpus.

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5 How to use a morphologically annotated corpus?

A morphologically annotated corpus can enable you to perform various types of linguistic analysis and natural language processing. You can use it to query and extract information about the frequency, distribution, and collocation of word forms, parts of speech, and grammatical features. You can also use it to train and test models and algorithms for tasks such as morphological analysis, generation, segmentation, and disambiguation. You can also use it to enrich and complement other types of annotation, such as syntactic, semantic, or pragmatic.

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6 How to learn more about morphological annotation?

If you want to learn more about morphological annotation, you can consult some of the following resources. The Handbook of Linguistic Annotation (Ide and Pustejovsky 2017) provides an overview of the principles, methods, and challenges of linguistic annotation, including morphology. The Universal Dependencies project (Nivre et al. 2020) works to develop cross-linguistically consistent annotation schemes and resources for dependency syntax and morphology. Additionally, the PARSEME shared task on verbal multiword expressions (Savary et al. 2018) involves morphological annotation of complex verb forms in 18 languages, while the Morpho Challenge series (Kurimo et al. 2010) evaluates unsupervised methods for morphological analysis and segmentation of different languages.

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7 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?

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What are the best morphological annotation practices for corpus linguistics?

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1 Why annotate morphology?

2 How to choose a morphological scheme?

3 How to apply a morphological scheme?

4 How to store and share a morphologically annotated corpus?

5 How to use a morphologically annotated corpus?

6 How to learn more about morphological annotation?

7 Here’s what else to consider

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