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Last updated on 2024年8月26日

What are the benefits and drawbacks of using TCP/IP model over OSI model?

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TCP/IP and OSI are two models that describe how data is transmitted over networks. TCP/IP stands for Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol, and OSI stands for Open Systems Interconnection. Both models have different layers, functions, and standards. In this article, you will learn about the benefits and drawbacks of using TCP/IP model over OSI model.

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1 TCP/IP model overview

TCP/IP model is a four-layer model that defines how data is exchanged between applications, hosts, and networks. The four layers are: application, transport, internet, and network access. TCP/IP model is based on the protocols that are used on the internet, such as HTTP, FTP, TCP, UDP, IP, and Ethernet. TCP/IP model is simpler, more flexible, and more widely adopted than OSI model.

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Waseem Akram

IT Support Engineer @Groww || Ex-Acko
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The TCP/IP model is a simplified networking model used in most modern networks, including the internet. It has four layers: Application, Transport, Internet, and Network Interface. It was designed to be flexible and adaptable, making it ideal for real-world networking.

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2 OSI model overview

OSI model is a seven-layer model that defines how data is transferred from one device to another in a network. The seven layers are: application, presentation, session, transport, network, data link, and physical. OSI model is based on the concepts of abstraction, encapsulation, and standardization. OSI model is more comprehensive, more structured, and more theoretical than TCP/IP model.

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Waseem Akram

IT Support Engineer @Groww || Ex-Acko
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The OSI model is a more detailed and conceptual framework for understanding networking, with seven layers: Physical, Data Link, Network, Transport, Session, Presentation, and Application. It’s often used for teaching and explaining network interactions but isn’t as commonly implemented as the TCP/IP model.

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3 Benefits of using TCP/IP model

One of the main benefits of using TCP/IP model is that it is compatible with the internet, which is the largest and most diverse network in the world. TCP/IP model supports a variety of applications, protocols, and devices that can communicate over the internet. TCP/IP model is also more adaptable and scalable, as it can handle different network architectures, topologies, and technologies. TCP/IP model is also easier to implement and maintain, as it has fewer layers and rules than OSI model.

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Waseem Akram

IT Support Engineer @Groww || Ex-Acko
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Practicality: The TCP/IP model is the foundation of the internet, making it widely adopted and supported in real-world networking. Flexibility: It’s more adaptable to various types of networks and protocols. Simplicity: With only four layers, it’s easier to understand and implement compared to the OSI model. Interoperability: TCP/IP ensures that different networks can communicate effectively, making it ideal for connecting a wide range of devices and systems.

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4 Drawbacks of using TCP/IP model

One of the main drawbacks of using TCP/IP model is that it is less secure and reliable than OSI model. TCP/IP model does not have a dedicated layer for encryption, authentication, or error correction. TCP/IP model also does not have a clear distinction between the services and functions of each layer, which can cause confusion and inconsistency. TCP/IP model also does not have a universal standard for naming, addressing, and routing, which can lead to conflicts and inefficiencies.

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Waseem Akram

IT Support Engineer @Groww || Ex-Acko
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Less Detailed: The TCP/IP model doesn’t provide as much detail as the OSI model, which can make troubleshooting and teaching more challenging. Non-Standard Layer Boundaries: The layers in TCP/IP aren’t as clearly defined, which can lead to confusion when trying to map it to the OSI model. Protocol Dependency: TCP/IP was developed around specific protocols (TCP and IP), which can limit its flexibility compared to the more abstract OSI model.

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5 Benefits of using OSI model

One of the main benefits of using OSI model is that it is more secure and reliable than TCP/IP model. OSI model has a separate layer for presentation, which handles encryption, compression, and translation of data. OSI model also has a separate layer for session, which manages connections, synchronization, and recovery of data. OSI model also has a clear separation of concerns and responsibilities for each layer, which facilitates interoperability and compatibility. OSI model also has a standardized framework for naming, addressing, and routing, which enhances efficiency and performance.

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Waseem Akram

IT Support Engineer @Groww || Ex-Acko
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Clarity: The OSI model provides a very clear and detailed framework with seven distinct layers, making it easier to understand how networks operate. Modularity: The OSI model’s layers are more clearly defined, allowing for easier troubleshooting, protocol development, and teaching. Standardization: It serves as a universal standard for various network communication protocols, offering a clear guideline for network architecture.

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6 Drawbacks of using OSI model

One of the main drawbacks of using OSI model is that it is not compatible with the internet, which is the dominant network in the world. OSI model does not support many of the protocols and applications that are used on the internet, such as HTTP, FTP, TCP, UDP, IP, and Ethernet. OSI model is also less adaptable and scalable, as it has more layers and rules than TCP/IP model. OSI model is also more complex and difficult to implement and maintain, as it requires more hardware, software, and resources than TCP/IP model.

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Waseem Akram

IT Support Engineer @Groww || Ex-Acko
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Complexity: The OSI model is more complex, with seven layers, which can make it harder to implement and understand in practical situations. Less Practical: The OSI model is more theoretical and isn’t as widely used in real-world networking compared to TCP/IP. Slow Adoption: The complexity and lack of direct applicability have led to slower adoption in practical networking environments.

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7 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?

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Thanmayee Katteri Indrakumar

#No Visa Sponsorship Required | Seeking Full-Time Roles | Master's in Computer Science
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The OSI model serves as a theoretical framework for understanding and designing networks but is not directly implemented in real-world systems. Seven Layers: Application, Presentation, Session, Transport, Network, Data Link, Physical. The TCP/IP model, on the other hand, is a practical framework that has been implemented globally, forming the backbone of internet communication. Four Layers: Application, Transport, Internet, Network Access (Link).

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Waseem Akram

IT Support Engineer @Groww || Ex-Acko
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Use Case: The choice between the OSI and TCP/IP models often depends on the context. TCP/IP is better for practical, real-world networking, while OSI is useful for learning, teaching, and understanding the deeper concepts of networking. Integration: Understanding both models can be beneficial, as it allows for a more comprehensive understanding of networking concepts and helps in mapping theoretical knowledge to real-world applications.

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What are the benefits and drawbacks of using TCP/IP model over OSI model?

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1 TCP/IP model overview

2 OSI model overview

3 Benefits of using TCP/IP model

4 Drawbacks of using TCP/IP model

5 Benefits of using OSI model

6 Drawbacks of using OSI model

7 Here’s what else to consider

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